Open Circulatory System in Periplaneta

Periplaneta, commonly known as the cockroach, has an open circulatory system. In this type of circulatory system, the blood circulates through open spaces called sinuses that are present between the organs.

Anatomy of Periplaneta's Circulatory System

The main components of the circulatory system of Periplaneta are as follows:

1. Dorsal Tubular Heart: Periplaneta has a tubular heart that runs along the dorsal side of the body from the anterior to the posterior end. It consists of 13 chambers, out of which the first one is anteriormost and the last one is posteriormost.

2. Aorta: The aorta is a large blood vessel that arises from the last chamber of the heart and runs anteriorly along the dorsal side of the body. It gives off small arteries that supply blood to various organs.

3. Sinuses: The sinuses are open spaces present between the organs. Blood flows through these sinuses and bathes the organs with nutrients and oxygen.

4. Ostia: The ostia are small openings present on the lateral side of the heart chambers. They allow the entry of blood into the heart chambers.

5. Malpighian Tubules: The Malpighian tubules are excretory structures present in the abdomen of Periplaneta. They remove waste products from the hemolymph (analogous to blood in insects) and excrete them into the gut.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Open Circulatory System

Advantages:
- The open circulatory system is less complex and requires fewer resources to maintain compared to the closed circulatory system.
- It allows for efficient exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and the organs.

Disadvantages:
- The blood does not reach the organs under high pressure, which limits the efficiency of nutrient and gas exchange.
- The open spaces between the organs can sometimes become clogged with waste products, reducing the efficiency of the circulatory system.

First time circulatory system present in annelids
that is closed circulatory system .
First time Open circulatory system present in arthropods

Here the answer is periplaneta americana(cockroach).