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A dairy man pays Rs. 6.4 per litre of milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per litre, thereby making 37.5% profit. Find the proportion of the water to that of the milk received by the customers. 
  • a)
    1 : 15
  • b)
    1 : 10
  • c)
    1 : 20
  • d)
    1 : 12
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Given:
Cost price of 1 litre milk = Rs. 6.4
Selling price of 1 litre mixture = Rs. 8
Profit = 37.5%

Let the milk and water be mixed in the ratio of x : y

Cost price of 1 litre mixture = Cost of 1 litre milk + Cost of y litres of water

Cost price of 1 litre mixture = Rs. 6.4 + (y * 0) [as the cost of water is 0]
Cost price of 1 litre mixture = Rs. 6.4

Profit% = (Selling price - Cost price) / Cost price * 100

37.5% = (8 - 6.4) / 6.4 * 100
37.5% = 1.6 / 6.4 * 100
37.5% = 25%

Selling price of 1 litre mixture = Cost price of 1 litre mixture + Profit
Selling price of 1 litre mixture = Rs. 6.4 + (25% of Rs. 6.4)
Selling price of 1 litre mixture = Rs. 8

Therefore, the ratio of milk and water is 1:10.

Hence, the correct answer is option (b) 1:10.
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A dairy man pays Rs. 6.4 per litre of milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per litre, thereby making 37.5% profit. Find the proportion of the water to that of the milk received by the customers.a)1 : 15b)1 : 10c)1 : 20d)1 : 12e)None of theseCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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