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During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed in
- a)Formation of formyl-met-t RNA
- b)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNA
- c)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complex
- d)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNA
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed...
During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is required along with 30S ribosome, m-RNA with formyl-met-t-RNA. GTP provides energy and ribosomes provide site for translation.
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During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed...
Translation initiation in prokaryotes:
Translation initiation is the process by which protein synthesis begins in a cell. In prokaryotes, it involves the assembly of the ribosome on the mRNA template to initiate protein synthesis.
The role of GTP in translation initiation:
GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is an energy-rich molecule that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including translation initiation. During translation initiation in prokaryotes, GTP is required for the association of the 30S ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and the formyl-methionine-tRNA (fMet-tRNA) to form the initiation complex.
Formation of the initiation complex:
1. Binding of 30S subunit with mRNA:
- The small 30S ribosomal subunit binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the mRNA.
- The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is a specific sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon in prokaryotic mRNA.
- This binding is facilitated by complementary base pairing between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit.
2. Association of 30S, mRNA with fMet-tRNA:
- The initiator tRNA, which carries the formylated methionine (fMet), binds to the start codon (AUG) on the mRNA.
- The fMet-tRNA is loaded onto the P-site (peptidyl site) of the 30S subunit, forming a stable 30S-mRNA-fMet-tRNA complex.
- This association is mediated by the initiation factors (IFs), including IF1, IF2, and IF3.
3. Binding of the 50S subunit:
- The 50S large ribosomal subunit associates with the 30S-mRNA-fMet-tRNA complex to form the complete 70S initiation complex.
- This association is facilitated by the hydrolysis of GTP bound to IF2, which triggers the release of initiation factors and allows for the joining of the 50S subunit.
GTP requirement in translation initiation:
The correct answer, option 'D', states that GTP is needed for the association of the 30S subunit, mRNA, and fMet-tRNA. This is because:
- GTP is required for the binding of IF2 to the 30S subunit and its subsequent interaction with the fMet-tRNA.
- GTP hydrolysis by IF2 is necessary for the release of initiation factors and the joining of the 50S subunit, leading to the formation of the complete 70S initiation complex.
Therefore, GTP is essential for the correct assembly of the translation initiation complex in prokaryotes, enabling the start of protein synthesis.
Translation initiation is the process by which protein synthesis begins in a cell. In prokaryotes, it involves the assembly of the ribosome on the mRNA template to initiate protein synthesis.
The role of GTP in translation initiation:
GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is an energy-rich molecule that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including translation initiation. During translation initiation in prokaryotes, GTP is required for the association of the 30S ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and the formyl-methionine-tRNA (fMet-tRNA) to form the initiation complex.
Formation of the initiation complex:
1. Binding of 30S subunit with mRNA:
- The small 30S ribosomal subunit binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the mRNA.
- The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is a specific sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon in prokaryotic mRNA.
- This binding is facilitated by complementary base pairing between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit.
2. Association of 30S, mRNA with fMet-tRNA:
- The initiator tRNA, which carries the formylated methionine (fMet), binds to the start codon (AUG) on the mRNA.
- The fMet-tRNA is loaded onto the P-site (peptidyl site) of the 30S subunit, forming a stable 30S-mRNA-fMet-tRNA complex.
- This association is mediated by the initiation factors (IFs), including IF1, IF2, and IF3.
3. Binding of the 50S subunit:
- The 50S large ribosomal subunit associates with the 30S-mRNA-fMet-tRNA complex to form the complete 70S initiation complex.
- This association is facilitated by the hydrolysis of GTP bound to IF2, which triggers the release of initiation factors and allows for the joining of the 50S subunit.
GTP requirement in translation initiation:
The correct answer, option 'D', states that GTP is needed for the association of the 30S subunit, mRNA, and fMet-tRNA. This is because:
- GTP is required for the binding of IF2 to the 30S subunit and its subsequent interaction with the fMet-tRNA.
- GTP hydrolysis by IF2 is necessary for the release of initiation factors and the joining of the 50S subunit, leading to the formation of the complete 70S initiation complex.
Therefore, GTP is essential for the correct assembly of the translation initiation complex in prokaryotes, enabling the start of protein synthesis.
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During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed ina)Formation of formyl-met-t RNAb)Binding of 30 subunit of ribosome with mRNAc)Association of 50 subunit of ribosome with initiation complexd)Association of 30S, mRNA with formyl-met-t RNACorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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