Combination of estrogen and progesterone is used as emergency contraceptive because it prevents or delays ovulation by inhibiting FSH and LH ( whose high level is necessary for ovulation) further progesterone reduces receptivity of endometrium preventing implementation

Emergency contraceptives are methods used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or in cases of rape. The correct option for emergency contraception is option 'D', which involves the combination of progestogen and estrogen within 72 hours.

Explanation:

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are a form of contraception that can be used after unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy. They work by preventing or delaying ovulation, fertilization, or implantation of the fertilized egg. ECPs are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours but can be used up to 120 hours (5 days) after.

The combination of progestogen and estrogen is a commonly used form of emergency contraception. Progestogen is a synthetic hormone that can prevent ovulation or delay it, while estrogen helps to stabilize the endometrium and prevent implantation of a fertilized egg. This combination of hormones is available in various emergency contraceptive pills that can be prescribed by a healthcare professional or obtained over-the-counter in many countries.

Advantages of using progestogen and estrogen combination:

1. High effectiveness: When taken within the recommended time frame, the combination of progestogen and estrogen emergency contraceptive pills can be highly effective in preventing pregnancy.

2. Availability: Emergency contraceptive pills containing progestogen and estrogen are widely available in many countries, either through prescription or over-the-counter.

3. Safety: These pills have been extensively studied and are considered safe for use by most women. However, they may not be suitable for women with certain medical conditions or contraindications.

4. Flexibility: Emergency contraceptive pills offer women the flexibility to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure, giving them more control over their reproductive health.

5. Reversible: Emergency contraception does not have a long-term impact on fertility and does not prevent future pregnancies once the effects wear off.

It is important to note that emergency contraception should not be used as a regular form of contraception and is intended for emergency situations only. Regular use of contraception, such as oral contraceptive pills or condoms, is recommended for ongoing protection against unintended pregnancies.