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Draw the process state transition diagram of an OS in which (i) each process is in one of the five states: created, ready, running, blocked (i.e. sleep or wait), or terminated, and (ii) only non-preemptive scheduling is used by the OS. Label the transitions appropriately.
- a)non-preemptive scheduling is used CPU
- b)non-preemptive scheduling is used OSCorrect Answer
- c)non-preemptive scheduling is NULL
- d)none of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Draw the process state transition diagram of an OS in which (i) each p...
The following typical process states are possible on computer systems of all kinds. In most of these states, processes are "stored" on main memory.
Created: When a process is first created, it occupies the "created" or "new" state. Ready and waiting: A "ready" or "waiting" process has been loaded into main memory and is awaiting execution on a CPU. There may be many "ready" processes at any one point of the system's execution.
Running: A process moves into the running state when it is chosen for execution. The process's instructions are executed by one of the CPUs (or cores) of the system. There is at most one running process per CPU or core. A process can run in either of the two modes, namely kernel mode or user mode.
Kernel mode : Processes in kernel mode can access both: kernel and user addresses.Kernel mode allows unrestricted access to hardware including execution of privileged instructions.
User mode : Processes in user mode can access their own instructions and data but not kernel instructions and data .access to any hardware device is allowed.
Blocked : A process that is blocked on some event (such as I/O operation completion or a signal), may be blocked due to various reasons, such as exhausting its CPU time allocation or waiting for an event to occur.
Terminated : A process may be terminated, either from the "running" state by completing its execution or by explicitly being killed
Created: When a process is first created, it occupies the "created" or "new" state. Ready and waiting: A "ready" or "waiting" process has been loaded into main memory and is awaiting execution on a CPU. There may be many "ready" processes at any one point of the system's execution.
Running: A process moves into the running state when it is chosen for execution. The process's instructions are executed by one of the CPUs (or cores) of the system. There is at most one running process per CPU or core. A process can run in either of the two modes, namely kernel mode or user mode.
Kernel mode : Processes in kernel mode can access both: kernel and user addresses.Kernel mode allows unrestricted access to hardware including execution of privileged instructions.
User mode : Processes in user mode can access their own instructions and data but not kernel instructions and data .access to any hardware device is allowed.
Blocked : A process that is blocked on some event (such as I/O operation completion or a signal), may be blocked due to various reasons, such as exhausting its CPU time allocation or waiting for an event to occur.
Terminated : A process may be terminated, either from the "running" state by completing its execution or by explicitly being killed
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Draw the process state transition diagram of an OS in which (i) each p...
Process State Transition Diagram with Non-preemptive Scheduling
The process state transition diagram represents the various states a process can be in and the possible transitions between these states. In this case, we are considering an operating system (OS) that uses non-preemptive scheduling, where a running process cannot be interrupted until it voluntarily gives up the CPU.
The five states that a process can be in are:
1. Created: This is the initial state of a process when it is first created but has not yet started execution.
2. Ready: In this state, the process is waiting to be assigned to a CPU. It is in the ready queue and is waiting for its turn to run.
3. Running: When a process is assigned to a CPU, it enters the running state and starts executing its instructions.
4. Blocked: A process can enter the blocked state when it needs to wait for some event to occur, such as waiting for input/output (I/O) operations to complete or for a certain amount of time to pass.
5. Terminated: The process has finished executing and is no longer running. It is removed from the system.
Now let's look at the possible transitions between these states:
1. Creation: When a process is created, it transitions from the "NULL" state to the "Created" state.
2. Ready: A process in the created state can transition to the ready state when it is ready to be scheduled for execution.
3. Running: A process in the ready state can transition to the running state when it is assigned to a CPU.
4. Blocked: While a process is running, it may need to wait for some event, such as I/O operations. In such cases, it transitions from the running state to the blocked state.
5. Ready: Once the event the process was waiting for occurs, it transitions back to the ready state.
6. Terminated: When a process finishes executing, it transitions from the running state to the terminated state.
It is important to note that in non-preemptive scheduling, a process in the running state cannot be preempted by the operating system. It will continue to run until it voluntarily gives up the CPU by either blocking or terminating.
Therefore, option B is correct: non-preemptive scheduling is used by the OS, and the process state transition diagram represents this scheduling policy.
The process state transition diagram represents the various states a process can be in and the possible transitions between these states. In this case, we are considering an operating system (OS) that uses non-preemptive scheduling, where a running process cannot be interrupted until it voluntarily gives up the CPU.
The five states that a process can be in are:
1. Created: This is the initial state of a process when it is first created but has not yet started execution.
2. Ready: In this state, the process is waiting to be assigned to a CPU. It is in the ready queue and is waiting for its turn to run.
3. Running: When a process is assigned to a CPU, it enters the running state and starts executing its instructions.
4. Blocked: A process can enter the blocked state when it needs to wait for some event to occur, such as waiting for input/output (I/O) operations to complete or for a certain amount of time to pass.
5. Terminated: The process has finished executing and is no longer running. It is removed from the system.
Now let's look at the possible transitions between these states:
1. Creation: When a process is created, it transitions from the "NULL" state to the "Created" state.
2. Ready: A process in the created state can transition to the ready state when it is ready to be scheduled for execution.
3. Running: A process in the ready state can transition to the running state when it is assigned to a CPU.
4. Blocked: While a process is running, it may need to wait for some event, such as I/O operations. In such cases, it transitions from the running state to the blocked state.
5. Ready: Once the event the process was waiting for occurs, it transitions back to the ready state.
6. Terminated: When a process finishes executing, it transitions from the running state to the terminated state.
It is important to note that in non-preemptive scheduling, a process in the running state cannot be preempted by the operating system. It will continue to run until it voluntarily gives up the CPU by either blocking or terminating.
Therefore, option B is correct: non-preemptive scheduling is used by the OS, and the process state transition diagram represents this scheduling policy.
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Draw the process state transition diagram of an OS in which (i) each process is in one of the five states: created, ready, running, blocked (i.e. sleep or wait), or terminated, and (ii) only non-preemptive scheduling is used by the OS. Label the transitions appropriately.a)non-preemptive scheduling is used CPUb)non-preemptive scheduling is used OSCorrect Answerc)non-preemptive scheduling is NULLd)none of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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