Origin of seed habit can be traced in pteridophytes

The correct statement among the given options is option 'B' - Origin of seed habit can be traced in pteridophytes. Let's discuss this statement in detail.

Explanation:

Pteridophytes are a group of vascular plants that reproduce and disperse through spores. They are considered to be more advanced than bryophytes but less advanced than seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms). The origin of the seed habit can be traced back to pteridophytes.

What are seeds?
Seeds are structures produced by seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) that contain an embryo along with a food source and a protective covering. They play a crucial role in the reproduction and dispersal of seed plants.

Evolution of seeds:
The evolution of seeds was a significant advancement in the plant kingdom. It provided several advantages, such as protection of the embryo, nourishment for the developing seedling, and efficient dispersal mechanisms. The origin of seeds can be traced back to pteridophytes.

Seed-like structures in pteridophytes:
Pteridophytes have structures that resemble seeds, known as sporangia. Sporangia are specialized structures that produce spores. In pteridophytes, the sporangia are present on the underside of the leaves, grouped together in structures called sori. These sporangia produce spores, which are released and dispersed for reproduction.

Advantages of seed habit:
The seed habit provided several advantages over spore dispersal. Some of these advantages include:

1. Protection: Seeds provide protection to the developing embryo, allowing it to survive in unfavorable conditions and harsh environments.

2. Food source: Seeds contain a food source (endosperm or cotyledons) that nourishes the developing seedling until it can establish itself and start photosynthesis.

3. Dispersal: Seeds have evolved various mechanisms for dispersal, such as wind, water, animals, or self-dispersal. This allows plants to colonize new areas and reduce competition with parent plants.

4. Dormancy: Seeds can enter a period of dormancy, where they remain inactive until favorable conditions for germination are met. This enables plants to survive adverse seasons or long periods of unfavorable conditions.

Therefore, the statement "Origin of seed habit can be traced in pteridophytes" is correct. Pteridophytes played a crucial role in the evolution and development of seed plants, which are the dominant plants on Earth today.