Explain double bond and triple bond with the help of two examples in each case?

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##DOUBLE BONDWhen two atoms share two electron pair between each other, they are said to be bonded by double covalent bond, denoted by double dash joining the atoms. The atoms with double valency are chalcogens or the oxygen family.E.g.:- O2, CO2 etc.##TRIPLE BONDWhen two atoms share three electron pair between each other, they are said to be bonded by triple covalent bond. Triple bond is denoted by three dash joining the atoms. The atoms with triple valency are pnictogen or the nitrogen family.E.g.: N2 ,  C2H2­ etc.

Answer

Answer

Double Bond:

A double bond is a type of chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. It is represented by a double line (=) between the atoms. Double bonds are commonly found in organic compounds and play a crucial role in determining their properties and reactivity.

Example 1: Ethene (C2H4)
- Ethene is a hydrocarbon consisting of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms.
- The double bond between the two carbon atoms is formed by sharing two pairs of electrons.
- Each carbon atom contributes one electron to form a sigma (σ) bond, and the remaining two electrons form a pi (π) bond.
- The presence of the double bond gives ethene its characteristic properties, such as its reactivity in addition reactions.

Example 2: Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- Carbon dioxide is a compound composed of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
- The double bond is formed between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom, involving the sharing of two pairs of electrons.
- The carbon-oxygen double bonds are both double bonds and are responsible for the linear shape of the molecule.
- The double bonds give carbon dioxide its stability and contribute to its role in climate change as a greenhouse gas.

Triple Bond:

A triple bond is a type of chemical bond in which three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. It is represented by a triple line (≡) between the atoms. Triple bonds are relatively stronger and shorter than double or single bonds, making them highly reactive.

Example 1: Ethyne (C2H2)
- Ethyne is an alkyne compound consisting of two carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms.
- The triple bond between the two carbon atoms is formed by sharing three pairs of electrons.
- Each carbon atom contributes one electron to form a sigma (σ) bond, and the remaining four electrons form two pi (π) bonds.
- The triple bond in ethyne makes it highly reactive and is responsible for its use in welding torches.

Example 2: Nitrogen Gas (N2)
- Nitrogen gas is a diatomic molecule composed of two nitrogen atoms.
- The triple bond is formed between the two nitrogen atoms, involving the sharing of three pairs of electrons.
- The triple bond in nitrogen gas is responsible for its remarkable stability, making it relatively unreactive under normal conditions.
- The triple bond also gives nitrogen gas its characteristic properties, such as its inertness and low boiling point.

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