Introduction:
The Tebhaga Peasant Movement was a significant peasant movement that took place in Bengal, India, during the 1940s. It was initiated by the Kisan Sabha, the peasant wing of the Communist Party of India, to address the issues faced by the sharecroppers and tenants in the region. The demand of the movement was primarily focused on the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third.

Explanation:
The Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal demanded the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third. This demand was primarily driven by the exploitation and oppression faced by the sharecroppers and tenants in the feudal agricultural system prevalent in Bengal.

Reasons for the Demand:
1. Exploitation: The landlords in Bengal held a major share of the crop produced by the peasants as rent. This led to an unequal distribution of resources and perpetuated the cycle of poverty and debt for the peasants.
2. Economic Burden: The high share of the crop demanded by the landlords left the peasants with little to sustain themselves and their families. They struggled to meet their basic needs and were often trapped in a cycle of indebtedness.
3. Lack of Ownership: The peasants, as the actual cultivators of the land, did not have ownership rights. This made them vulnerable to eviction by the landlords and deprived them of the security and benefits associated with land ownership.

Impact of the Demand:
1. Redistribution of Resources: The demand for reducing the share of the landlords aimed at redistributing the resources in favor of the peasants. By securing a larger portion of the crop, the peasants would have improved livelihoods and more control over their agricultural produce.
2. Land Reforms: Although the demand did not explicitly focus on granting ownership of land to peasants, it indirectly raised questions about the existing agrarian structure. It paved the way for subsequent movements and policies aiming to address the issue of land ownership and the rights of the peasants.
3. Peasant Solidarity: The demand for reducing the share of the landlords created a sense of solidarity among the peasants. It brought them together to fight against the oppressive feudal system and led to the formation of peasant unions and organizations.

Conclusion:
The demand of the Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal for the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half to one-third was a significant step towards addressing the issues faced by the sharecroppers and tenants. While the demand was not fully realized, it played a crucial role in raising awareness about the unequal distribution of resources and the need for agrarian reforms.