Gas Analysis Techniques

Gas analysis is a crucial aspect of various industries ranging from chemical to environmental. Different gases like CO2, CO, and O2 are analyzed by various techniques. Some of the popular techniques are listed below:

List-l List-ll
A. CO2 1. Alkaline pyrogallol
B. Orsat apparatus 2. KOH solution
C. CO 3. Wet analysis
D. O2 4. Ammoniacal cuprous chloride
5. Dry analysis

1. Orsat apparatus: Orsat apparatus is a widely used gas analysis technique that can analyze various gases like CO2, CO, and O2. This apparatus consists of three impregnated absorbing pipettes and a burette. The gases are passed through the pipettes containing specific chemical solutions, and the readings are taken from the burette.

2. Alkaline pyrogallol: This is a chemical solution used to absorb oxygen present in a gas sample. The alkaline pyrogallol solution is placed in a glass tube, and the gas sample is passed through it. The oxygen in the gas sample reacts with the solution, and its volume decreases.

3. Wet analysis: Wet analysis is a method of analyzing gases by using chemical solutions. The gas sample is passed through a series of chemical solutions, and the changes in the solutions are noted.

4. Ammoniacal cuprous chloride: This is a chemical solution used to absorb carbon monoxide present in a gas sample. The cuprous chloride solution is placed in a glass tube, and the gas sample is passed through it. The carbon monoxide in the gas sample reacts with the solution, and its volume decreases.

5. Dry analysis: In dry analysis, the gas sample is passed through a series of drying agents like silica gel, calcium chloride, or phosphorus pentoxide. The agents absorb the moisture present in the gas sample, and the dry gas is analyzed.

In conclusion, the above techniques are widely used for gas analysis, and they help in determining the composition of gases accurately.