Haemozoine is released into blood during the infection of plasmodium vivax every 72 hour.

Haemozoin release during Plasmodium vivax infection

Introduction:
Plasmodium vivax is a protozoan parasite that causes malaria in humans. It is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. During the infection, Plasmodium vivax undergoes a complex life cycle that involves both the liver and the blood stages. One important aspect of this life cycle is the release of haemozoin into the blood.

Haemozoin:
Haemozoin is a crystalline pigment that is formed by the parasite during its digestion of hemoglobin. Plasmodium vivax, like other Plasmodium species, digests hemoglobin in its food vacuole to obtain essential amino acids. As a byproduct of this digestion, toxic heme molecules are released. To overcome this toxicity, the parasite converts heme into an insoluble and non-toxic form called haemozoin. Haemozoin crystals are formed within the food vacuole of the parasite.

Release of Haemozoin:
During the blood stage of Plasmodium vivax infection, infected red blood cells (RBCs) rupture and release merozoites into the bloodstream. These merozoites can invade new RBCs and start a new cycle of infection. Along with the merozoites, haemozoin crystals are also released into the blood.

Timing of Haemozoin Release:
The timing of haemozoin release during Plasmodium vivax infection is an important factor in the diagnosis and treatment of malaria. The release of haemozoin is closely associated with the periodicity of fever in malaria.

During the blood stage of Plasmodium vivax infection, the parasite undergoes a 48-hour cycle of replication within the RBCs. This means that every 48 hours, the infected RBCs rupture and release merozoites along with haemozoin crystals into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is B: 48 hrs.

Conclusion:
Haemozoin is released into the blood during the infection of Plasmodium vivax every 48 hours. This periodic release is closely related to the 48-hour replication cycle of the parasite within the red blood cells. Understanding the timing of haemozoin release is important for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria.