community party is mot clear Related: Key Concepts- Political Parties...
𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑘𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑔𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑠ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 (1848) 𝑏𝑦 𝐾𝑎𝑟𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝐸𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑙𝑠. 𝐴𝑠 𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡). 𝐴𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡. 𝑉𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑟 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑑, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑎 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐵𝑜𝑙𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑘 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ("𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦") 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑘 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ("𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦"). 𝑇𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑎 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑚 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠. 𝑂𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑛, 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑔𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝐵𝑜𝑙𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑘'𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑑-𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦.𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑡, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑘 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝐿𝑒𝑜𝑛 𝑇𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑠𝑘𝑦, 𝑤ℎ𝑜 𝑒𝑚𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛. 𝐼𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐵𝑜𝑙𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑘 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑏𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑒𝑡 𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝐶𝑃𝑆𝑈) 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑔𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑅𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑎 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑂𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 1917. 𝑊𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 (𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛) 𝑖𝑛 1919, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠, 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑒. 𝐼𝑛 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑦.𝑈𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑃𝑆𝑈, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑𝑜𝑥 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑚 𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑅𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡–𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑. 𝐴𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛'𝑠 𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑚 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑘 𝐹𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑚 (1924) 𝑏𝑦 𝐽𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑝ℎ 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑛.
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