Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscul...
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Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscul...
Explanation:
Osteoporosis is a disorder of the muscular or skeletal system. It is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a higher risk of fractures with advancing age. This condition occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both.
Causes:
- Osteoporosis can be caused by various factors, including hormonal changes, inadequate calcium or vitamin D intake, certain medications, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
- It is more common in women, especially after menopause, due to a decrease in estrogen levels, which plays a protective role in maintaining bone density.
Symptoms:
- Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" because it typically does not cause symptoms until a fracture occurs.
- Common symptoms include back pain, loss of height over time, a stooped posture, and a higher incidence of fractures, especially in the wrist, hip, and spine.
Diagnosis:
- The diagnosis of osteoporosis is usually made through a bone density test, which measures the amount of mineral content in the bones.
- This test, called a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, compares bone density to that of a young, healthy adult to determine the T-score, which indicates the strength and density of the bones.
Treatment:
- Management and treatment of osteoporosis involve a combination of lifestyle modifications, diet, and medications.
- Lifestyle modifications include regular weight-bearing exercises, such as walking or strength training, smoking cessation, reducing alcohol consumption, and ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
- Medications may be prescribed to slow down bone loss, increase bone density, and reduce the risk of fractures.
Prevention:
- It is crucial to take preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis. These include maintaining a healthy lifestyle, consuming a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, participating in regular weight-bearing exercises, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
In conclusion, osteoporosis is a disorder of the muscular or skeletal system characterized by a decrease in bone mass and a higher risk of fractures with advancing age. Early diagnosis, lifestyle modifications, and appropriate medical interventions can help manage and prevent the progression of this condition.
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