The weakest point of Darwinism wa that ithad no explanation for :[NCERT 71]a)Struggle for existenceb)Survival of the fittest c)Variationsd)Enormous rate of productionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

C) Darwin didn't have the knowledge of genetics and he couldn't tell about variations.

Answer

The Darwinian theory considers a driving force in evolution, the adaptation to the environment derived from the combined effect of the natural selection and the random mutations. The Darwinian theory of natural selection does not say anything about the origin of variations or the processes in which they are carried out in nature.
So, the correct answer is 'Variations'

Answer

The weakest point of Darwinism was that it had no explanation for variations. This means that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection did not adequately account for the source and nature of variations within a population.

1. Introduction:
Darwinism, also known as the theory of evolution, proposed that species evolve over time through the process of natural selection. It emphasized the importance of the struggle for existence, survival of the fittest, and variations within a population. However, it fell short in providing a comprehensive explanation for variations.

2. Struggle for Existence:
Darwinism recognized the concept of the struggle for existence, which implies that individuals within a population compete for limited resources. This competition leads to a differential survival rate, where those individuals with advantageous traits have a higher chance of survival and reproduction. This aspect of Darwinism is well explained.

3. Survival of the Fittest:
Another key aspect of Darwinism is the survival of the fittest. Individuals with beneficial adaptations are more likely to survive and pass on their traits to the next generation. This process leads to the gradual accumulation of advantageous traits within a population. The explanation for this aspect is also coherent.

4. Variations:
Variations refer to the differences that exist among individuals within a population. These variations can be physical, physiological, or behavioral. While Darwinism recognized the existence of variations, it did not provide a satisfactory explanation for their origin and how they contribute to the process of evolution.

- Lack of explanation: Darwinism did not adequately explain how variations arise in the first place. It did not address the underlying mechanisms or sources of variations, such as genetic mutations, recombination, or environmental factors. Without a clear understanding of the origin of variations, it becomes challenging to fully comprehend the process of natural selection.

- Incomplete understanding: Darwinism also did not provide a comprehensive understanding of the nature of variations. It did not explain why some variations are beneficial, some are neutral, and some are detrimental to an individual's survival and reproduction. Understanding the nature of variations is crucial in determining which traits will be favored by natural selection.

5. Enormous Rate of Production:
The enormous rate of production refers to the fact that most species produce more offspring than can possibly survive. Darwinism adequately explained this concept, stating that the overproduction of offspring results in competition for limited resources, leading to the survival of only a fraction of the population.

In conclusion, while Darwinism successfully explained the concepts of the struggle for existence and survival of the fittest, it fell short in providing a comprehensive explanation for variations within a population. The theory did not address the origin, nature, and significance of variations, which limited its understanding of the evolutionary process.

Answer

The Darwinian theory considers a driving force in evolution, the adaptation to the environment derived from the combined effect of the natural selection and the random mutations. The Darwinian theory of natural selection does not say anything about the origin of variations or the processes in which they are carried out in nature.
So, the correct answer is 'Variations'

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