first transgenic crop was?

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Tobacco plant

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The first genetically modified crop, an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant, was produced in 1982. China was the first country to commercialize transgenic plants, introducing a virus-resistant tobacco in 1992.

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Antibiotic resistance tobbaco plant using BT in Belgium in 1970 - 80.

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an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant modified as 1st transgenic crop plant... in 1982...

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antibiotics resistant tobacco plant

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First Transgenic Crop: Flavr Savr Tomato

The first commercially available transgenic crop was the Flavr Savr Tomato, which was developed by the biotech company Calgene in the early 1990s. This genetically modified tomato was created through the introduction of an antisense gene to inhibit the production of the enzyme polygalacturonase (PG), which is responsible for the softening of tomatoes during ripening.

Introduction of Antisense Gene
- The Flavr Savr Tomato was developed by introducing a DNA construct into tomato plants that contained a copy of the PG gene in the opposite direction (antisense orientation).
- This antisense gene produced RNA molecules that were complementary to the PG mRNA, effectively blocking its translation and reducing the production of the PG enzyme.

Inhibition of Polygalacturonase Enzyme
- By reducing the activity of the PG enzyme, the Flavr Savr Tomato was able to maintain its firmness and extend its shelf life without sacrificing flavor.
- Traditional tomatoes often became overripe and soft, leading to spoilage and reduced marketability. The Flavr Savr Tomato, on the other hand, remained firm for a longer period.

Impact and Controversies
- The release of the Flavr Savr Tomato marked a significant milestone in the field of agricultural biotechnology.
- It demonstrated the potential of genetic engineering to enhance crop traits, such as improved quality and shelf life.
- However, the Flavr Savr Tomato also sparked debates and controversies surrounding genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their potential impact on human health and the environment.

Regulatory Approval and Commercialization
- After extensive testing and evaluation, the Flavr Savr Tomato received regulatory approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1994, making it the first genetically modified crop to be approved for commercial sale.
- Calgene introduced the Flavr Savr Tomato into the market in 1994, but it faced several challenges, including high production costs and consumer resistance to GMOs.
- Despite these challenges, the Flavr Savr Tomato paved the way for future developments in transgenic crops and contributed to the ongoing discussions on the benefits and risks associated with GMOs.

In conclusion, the Flavr Savr Tomato was the first transgenic crop to be commercially available. By introducing an antisense gene to inhibit the production of the PG enzyme, this genetically modified tomato demonstrated improved shelf life and firmness. Its release marked a significant milestone in agricultural biotechnology, but also sparked debates and controversies surrounding GMOs. Nonetheless, the Flavr Savr Tomato paved the way for further advancements in the field and stimulated discussions on the potential benefits and risks of genetically modified crops.

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