Differentiate ethane and ethene?

Question

Answer

Answer

Ethane is an alkane and as such is saturated, meaning it has all single bonds. Ethene is an alkene and as such is unsaturated, meaning it has one carbon to carbon double bond. So they can be identified by their displayed formulae, as ethene has the double bond functional group.

Answer

• Ethane (C2H6) is an alkane but Ethene (C2H4) is an alkene.
• The carbons in ethane molecule are sp³ hybridised whereas the carbons in Ethene molecule are sp² hybridised.
• The C-C bond in ethane is longer than the C=C bond in ethene.
• Ethane undergoes substitution reactions whereas ethene undergoes addition reaction.
• Ethane and Ethene can be distinguished by bromine water test since ethane doesn't react with bromine water but Ethene does react with it.

Answer

Ethane is a hydrocarbon composed of two carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms. It is a saturated hydrocarbon that has no double bonds in its structure. The two carbon atoms are bonded to each other through a covalent bond. Hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atoms through single bonds. Three hydrogen atoms are attached to each carbon. The carbon atoms of ethane are sp3hybridized. Therefore, there are no un-hybridized p orbitals to form pi bonds. Therefore, there are only sigma bondspresent .

WHILE

Ethene is a hydrocarbon that is composed of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms. The chemical formula of ethene is C2H4. The two carbon atoms are bonded to each other through a double bond. Therefore, ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The two carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized. The molecular geometry of ethene is planar.

Answer

Difference between Ethane and Ethene
Ethane and ethene are both hydrocarbons that belong to the alkene group. They have similar chemical formulas but differ in their structures and properties.

Structure:
- Ethane (C2H6) is a saturated hydrocarbon that consists of two carbon atoms connected by a single bond and each carbon atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
- Ethene (C2H4) is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon double bond. It has two carbon atoms with each carbon atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.

Physical Properties:
- Ethane is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is relatively inert and non-toxic.
- Ethene is a colorless gas with a slightly sweet odor. It is flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.

Chemical Properties:
- Ethane is a relatively unreactive molecule due to the presence of only single bonds between carbon atoms. It undergoes combustion reactions to produce carbon dioxide and water.
- Ethene is more reactive than ethane due to the presence of a double bond. It can undergo addition reactions with halogens, hydrogen, and other reagents to form various products.

Uses:
- Ethane is mainly used as a fuel for heating and cooking in households. It is also used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry.
- Ethene is used in the production of plastics, synthetic rubber, and various organic chemicals. It is an important raw material for the manufacturing industry.
In conclusion, ethane and ethene are two distinct hydrocarbons with different structures, properties, and applications. Understanding these differences is essential for their proper utilization in various industries.

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