Electrolysis of brine solution produces chlorine gas and hydrogen gas ata)Both at cathodeb)Anode, cathode respectivelyc)cathode anode respectivelyd)Both at AnodeCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Answer

At the anode (A), chloride (Cl-) is oxidized to chlorine. The ion-selective membrane (B) allows the counterion Na+ to freely flow across, but prevents anions such as hydroxide (OH-) and chloride from diffusing across. At the cathode (C), water is reduced to hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The net process is the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl into industrially useful products sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and chlorine gas.

Answer

Electrolysis of brine solution produces chlorine gas and hydrogen gas at the anode and cathode, respectively.

Electrolysis of Brine Solution

Brine solution is a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water. When an electric current is passed through brine solution, a process called electrolysis occurs. Electrolysis involves the decomposition of a compound using an electric current.

Process of Electrolysis

During the electrolysis of brine solution, the solution is placed in an electrolytic cell containing two electrodes - an anode (positive electrode) and a cathode (negative electrode). The electrodes are usually made of inert materials such as graphite or platinum.

At the Anode

The anode is where oxidation occurs. At the anode, chloride ions (Cl-) are oxidized to form chlorine gas (Cl2). This can be represented by the following half-reaction:
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-

Chlorine gas is produced at the anode and can be collected in a separate container.

At the Cathode

The cathode is where reduction occurs. At the cathode, water molecules (H2O) are reduced to form hydrogen gas (H2) and hydroxide ions (OH-). This can be represented by the following half-reaction:
2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH-

Hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode and can be collected in a separate container.

Overall Reaction

The overall reaction for the electrolysis of brine solution can be represented as:
2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → Cl2(g) + H2(g) + 2NaOH(aq)

In this reaction, chlorine gas is produced at the anode, while hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode.

Conclusion

In summary, electrolysis of brine solution produces chlorine gas at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode. This process is widely used in industry to produce chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide.

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