Cephalotrichous means two or more flagella is attached at one end of the bacteria e.g., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Lophotrichous means two or more flagella is attached at both ends of the bacteria.e.g., Spirillium.

**Lophotrichous Bacteria:**

Lophotrichous bacteria are a type of bacteria that possess a cluster of flagella at one or both ends of the cell. These flagella are long, hair-like structures that enable the bacteria to move or swim in liquid environments. The term "lophotrichous" is derived from the Greek words "lophos" meaning tuft or crest and "trichos" meaning hair.

**Cephalotrichous Bacteria:**

Cephalotrichous bacteria, on the other hand, are a type of bacteria that possess a tuft or cluster of flagella at one pole or end of the cell. The term "cephalotrichous" is derived from the Greek words "cephalos" meaning head and "trichos" meaning hair.

**Differences between Lophotrichous and Cephalotrichous Bacteria:**

1. **Flagella Arrangement:**
- Lophotrichous bacteria have a cluster of flagella at one or both ends of the cell.
- Cephalotrichous bacteria have a tuft or cluster of flagella at one pole or end of the cell.

2. **Movement and Mobility:**
- Lophotrichous bacteria use their flagella to move or swim in liquid environments.
- Cephalotrichous bacteria also use their flagella for movement but in a different manner. The tuft of flagella at one end allows them to rotate and move in a corkscrew-like motion.

3. **Number of Flagella:**
- Lophotrichous bacteria may possess a single flagellum or multiple flagella in a cluster.
- Cephalotrichous bacteria typically have a tuft or cluster of multiple flagella.

4. **Flagella Length:**
- The flagella of lophotrichous bacteria are long and hair-like.
- The flagella of cephalotrichous bacteria are also long but are arranged in a tuft-like structure.

5. **Cellular Distribution:**
- Lophotrichous bacteria can be found throughout the cell, either at one or both ends.
- Cephalotrichous bacteria have their flagella concentrated at one pole or end of the cell.

In summary, the key difference between lophotrichous and cephalotrichous bacteria lies in the arrangement of their flagella. Lophotrichous bacteria have a cluster of flagella at one or both ends, while cephalotrichous bacteria have a tuft or cluster of flagella at one pole or end of the cell. These differences in flagella arrangement contribute to differences in movement and mobility between the two types of bacteria.