What is difference between nation-state and modern state in the nationalism in Europe topic?

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In today's modern world, the idea of nations and nationalities is widely understood. ... To begin, a nation-state is a defined territory with a sovereign government, made up of people sharing a common culture, history, and language. It's what's usually meant when we hear terms like nation or country.Some of the characteristics that make up a modern nation-state are; the population of the territory is united in the national identity and traditions, has an official language or languages and common descent, has an organized government, shall have independence and sovereign (self-ruled), and has a defined territory ...

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Nation states emerged after overthrowing monarchy and dynasty rule in Europe. Whilemodern states have been developing since then. Modern states are ruled by a centralised power and authority.

Answer

Nation-state:
A nation-state is a political entity that consists of a specific nation of people who share a common identity, culture, language, and history, living within defined territorial borders. The concept of nation-state emerged in Europe during the 19th century as a result of the rise of nationalism. It aimed to create a political system where the state and the nation were aligned.

Key features of a nation-state:
1. Homogeneity: A nation-state is characterized by a homogeneous population that shares a common identity, culture, and language.
2. Defined borders: It has clearly defined territorial borders that separate it from other nation-states.
3. Self-determination: The people in a nation-state have the right to self-determination and govern themselves.
4. Common history: The people in a nation-state often share a common history, which forms the basis of their national identity.
5. Unity: The nation-state strives for unity and solidarity among its citizens.

Modern state:
A modern state, on the other hand, is a political entity that is not necessarily based on the idea of a homogeneous nation. It is a sovereign and centralized authority that exercises control over a defined territory and its population. The concept of a modern state emerged during the period of nation-building in Europe, and it aimed to establish a political structure that could effectively govern diverse populations.

Key features of a modern state:
1. Political sovereignty: A modern state has political sovereignty over its territory and population, and it has the authority to make and enforce laws.
2. Bureaucratic administration: It has a bureaucratic administrative system that governs various aspects of society, such as law enforcement, taxation, and public services.
3. Rule of law: A modern state operates under the rule of law, where the law applies equally to all citizens, regardless of their background.
4. Pluralism: Unlike a nation-state, a modern state may be composed of multiple ethnic, cultural, or linguistic groups, which coexist within the same political framework.
5. Integration: A modern state aims to integrate diverse populations into a unified political structure, ensuring equal rights and opportunities for all citizens.

Differences between nation-state and modern state:
1. Homogeneity vs. diversity: A nation-state is based on the idea of a homogeneous nation, while a modern state can encompass diverse ethnic and cultural groups.
2. Identity vs. governance: Nation-states prioritize the national identity and cultural heritage of their citizens, whereas modern states focus on effective governance and the rule of law.
3. Self-determination vs. integration: Nation-states emphasize the self-determination of their people, whereas modern states aim to integrate diverse populations into a unified political structure.
4. Shared history vs. bureaucratic administration: Nation-states often have a shared history as the basis of their national identity, while modern states have bureaucratic administrative systems to govern society.
5. Unity vs. pluralism: Nation-states strive for unity among their citizens, while modern states accommodate pluralism and diversity within their political framework.

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