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How over irrigation leads to land degradation ?
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How over irrigation leads to land degradation ?
Over Irrigation and Land Degradation


Over irrigation is a common practice in agriculture that involves applying more water than what a crop requires for its growth. This practice leads to several environmental problems, including land degradation. Land degradation refers to the deterioration of soil quality and vegetation cover, leading to reduced productivity and increased vulnerability to erosion and other forms of degradation.


Causes of Over Irrigation



  • Lack of proper irrigation planning and management

  • Use of outdated irrigation technology

  • Unfavorable weather conditions, such as high temperatures and low humidity

  • Excessive use of groundwater resources



Effects of Over Irrigation on Land Degradation


Over irrigation can have several negative effects on soil quality and vegetation cover, including:



  • Waterlogging: Excessive irrigation can lead to waterlogging, which occurs when the soil is saturated with water and cannot absorb any more. Waterlogging leads to reduced oxygen levels in the soil, which can suffocate plant roots and cause plant death.

  • Salinization: Over irrigation can also lead to salinization, which occurs when the soil becomes too salty for plant growth. This happens because excessive water leaches salts from the soil and carries them to the surface, where they accumulate and become toxic to plants.

  • Erosion: Over irrigation can lead to increased erosion because the excess water can cause soil particles to become loose and easily erodible. This can lead to decreased soil fertility and reduced vegetation cover, which can exacerbate land degradation.



Solutions to Over Irrigation


To prevent over irrigation and land degradation, farmers can take several measures, including:



  • Adopting modern irrigation technologies that conserve water and reduce wastage

  • Improving irrigation scheduling to ensure that crops receive the right amount of water at the right time

  • Using drought-tolerant crops that require less water

  • Managing soil fertility and organic matter to improve soil quality and reduce erosion

  • Reducing groundwater extraction and promoting the use of surface water resources

Community Answer
How over irrigation leads to land degradation ?
Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to waterlogging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil
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Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:Which of the following activities leads to land degradation?

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:With whom do we share our land?

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:What harm does the mineral processing and cement industry do to the environment and land?

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:Name some Indian states which are deforested due to mining and overgrazing activities.

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