A point B lies on the perpendicular bisector of an electric dipole of ...
A point B lies on the perpendicular bisector of an electric dipole of ...
Explanation:
Electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. The dipole moment of an electric dipole is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between the charges. It is denoted by p.
The electric field at a point due to an electric dipole is given by the formula:
E = (1/4πε0) [(2p/r^3) * (r - 3cosθ)]
where ε0 is the permittivity of free space, r is the distance between the point and the dipole, and θ is the angle between the dipole moment and the line joining the point and the dipole.
In this problem, point B lies on the perpendicular bisector of the dipole. Therefore, θ = 90° and cosθ = 0.
Substituting this value in the above equation, we get:
E = (1/4πε0) [(2p/r^3) * r]
E = (1/4πε0) [(2p/r^2)]
Thus, we can see that the electric field at point B is proportional to r^2. Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.
Summary:
- Electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance.
- Dipole moment of an electric dipole is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between the charges.
- Electric field at a point due to an electric dipole is given by the formula: E = (1/4πε0) [(2p/r^3) * (r - 3cosθ)]
- In this problem, point B lies on the perpendicular bisector of the dipole. Therefore, θ = 90° and cosθ = 0.
- Substituting this value in the above equation, we get: E = (1/4πε0) [(2p/r^3) * r]
- Thus, electric field at point B is proportional to r^2. Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.
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