Placentation and Kinds of Fruits

Placentation:
Placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary. It plays a crucial role in determining the structure of the fruit that develops after fertilization. There are different types of placentation in plants, including:

- Marginal placentation: Ovules are attached to the margin of the ovary.
- Axile placentation: Ovules are attached to the central axis of the ovary.
- Free central placentation: Ovules are attached to a central column in the ovary.
- Basal placentation: Ovules are attached at the base of the ovary.

Kinds of Fruits:
Fruits are the mature ovary of a flower, containing seeds. There are various types of fruits based on their structure and development:

- Simple fruits: Develop from a single ovary of a single flower. Examples include mango, cherry, and pea.
- Aggregate fruits: Develop from multiple ovaries of a single flower. Examples include raspberry, blackberry, and strawberry.
- Multiple fruits: Develop from the ovaries of multiple flowers that are closely packed together. Examples include pineapple and fig.
- Accessory fruits: Develop from the ovary along with other parts of the flower such as the receptacle. Examples include apple, strawberry, and pear.

Understanding placentation and the different kinds of fruits is essential in botany as it helps in the classification and identification of plant species.