When glycerol or trihydroxypropane is heated at 280 degree Celsius or 553 Acrolein is (C3H4O) is formed.

Introduction to Acrolein Preparation
Acrolein (C3H4O) is an unsaturated aldehyde commonly used in the production of various chemicals and as a precursor in organic synthesis. Among the options provided, glycerol is the primary source for its preparation.
Preparation from Glycerol
- Dehydration Reaction: Glycerol can be dehydrated to yield acrolein. The reaction typically occurs when glycerol is subjected to high temperatures in the presence of a catalyst, often a metal oxide such as zinc oxide or alumina.
- Mechanism:
- The hydroxyl groups of glycerol are removed as water (H2O), leading to the formation of an unsaturated aldehyde.
- The reaction can be represented as follows:
- Glycerol (C3H8O3) → Acrolein (C3H4O) + Water (H2O)
Why Other Options are Incorrect
- Ethyl Alcohol (B): Ethyl alcohol primarily undergoes oxidation to form acetaldehyde rather than acrolein.
- 1,2-Ethanediol (C): While this can undergo dehydration, it does not directly yield acrolein; rather, it forms other products.
- Acetone (D): Acetone can participate in various reactions, but it is not a direct precursor for acrolein production.
Conclusion
In summary, acrolein is effectively prepared from glycerol through a dehydration reaction. The unique structure of glycerol allows for the formation of acrolein under suitable conditions, making it the correct choice among the options listed.