Statement 1: A popular government can be undemocratic.

A popular government refers to a government that is chosen by the people through elections. However, a government can still be undemocratic even if it is popular. Democracy is not just about majority rule; it also involves the protection of individual rights and freedoms, the rule of law, and checks and balances on the power of the government.

An undemocratic government may exhibit the following characteristics:
1. Lack of respect for individual rights and freedoms: In a democratic government, there should be a guarantee of fundamental rights and freedoms for all citizens, such as freedom of speech, assembly, and expression. An undemocratic government may curb these rights and suppress dissenting voices.
2. Lack of rule of law: Democracy requires that the government operates within the boundaries of the law and that the law applies equally to all citizens. An undemocratic government may disregard the rule of law, leading to arbitrary decision-making and violation of citizens' rights.
3. Lack of checks and balances: Democracy involves a system of checks and balances to prevent the concentration of power in a single institution or individual. An undemocratic government may undermine these checks and balances, leading to the accumulation of power in the hands of a few.
4. Lack of transparency and accountability: Democracy requires transparency in government functioning and accountability to the people. An undemocratic government may lack transparency and accountability, making it difficult for citizens to hold their leaders accountable for their actions.

Statement 2: A democratic government should rule only within limits set by constitutional law and citizens’ rights.

A democratic government is based on the principle of constitutionalism, which means that the powers of the government are limited by a constitution. The constitution sets out the framework for the government and guarantees certain rights and freedoms to citizens. A democratic government should operate within the limits set by the constitution and respect the rights of its citizens.

The limits set by constitutional law and citizens' rights ensure that the government does not become authoritarian or violate the principles of democracy. These limits include:
1. Separation of powers: The constitution typically divides the powers of the government among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. This separation of powers prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful and ensures a system of checks and balances.
2. Fundamental rights and freedoms: The constitution guarantees certain fundamental rights and freedoms to citizens, such as the right to equality, freedom of speech, and the right to a fair trial. These rights act as a safeguard against the abuse of power by the government.
3. Rule of law: A democratic government should adhere to the rule of law, which means that it operates within the boundaries of the law and treats all citizens equally. The constitution provides the legal framework within which the government operates.

In conclusion, both statements are correct. A popular government can be undemocratic if it disregards individual rights, lacks the rule of law, or undermines checks and balances. A democratic government should operate within the limits set by constitutional law and citizens' rights to ensure that it respects the principles of democracy.