Consider the following statements about the Civil Disobedience Movemen...
Explanation:
The Civil Disobedience Movement was a significant milestone in India's struggle for independence. Let's analyze each statement to understand the correct answer.
Statement 1: The movement officially was not approved by Congress before its launch.
This statement is true. The Civil Disobedience Movement, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on 12th March 1930. However, it was not officially approved by the Indian National Congress before its launch. Gandhi initiated the movement as an individual act of civil disobedience, later gaining support from the Congress.
Statement 2: 26th January as Independence Day all over the country was decided during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
This statement is false. The decision to celebrate 26th January as Independence Day all over the country was not made during the Civil Disobedience Movement. It was on 26th January 1930, during the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress, that the resolution for complete independence (Purna Swaraj) was adopted. However, the actual independence was achieved on 15th August 1947.
Statement 3: All the Round Table Conferences between the British government and Indian leaders followed only after this movement.
This statement is true. The Civil Disobedience Movement played a significant role in shaping the subsequent events, including the Round Table Conferences. The First Round Table Conference was held in November 1930, after the launch of the movement. The British government initiated these conferences to discuss constitutional reforms and address Indian demands.
Statement 4: The movement was withdrawn because of violence.
This statement is false. The Civil Disobedience Movement was not withdrawn because of violence. The movement continued for almost a year, with widespread civil disobedience activities like the Salt March, boycott of British goods, and non-payment of taxes. It was eventually called off in April 1931 after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, which was signed to end the movement peacefully.
To summarize, the correct answer is option 'C' (2 and 3 only). The Civil Disobedience Movement was not approved by Congress before its launch, and it led to the subsequent Round Table Conferences between the British government and Indian leaders. However, the decision to celebrate 26th January as Independence Day was not made during this movement, and the movement was not withdrawn because of violence.
Consider the following statements about the Civil Disobedience Movemen...
- Mahatma Gandhi led the Civil Disobedience Movement that was launched in the Congress Session of December 1929. The aim of this movement was a complete disobedience of the orders of the British Government.
- During this movement, it was decided that India would celebrate 26th January as Independence Day all over the country. On 26th January 1930, meetings were held worldwide, and the Congress tricolour was hoisted.
- The British Government tried to repress the movement and resorted to brutal firing, killing hundreds of people. Thousands were arrested along with Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, but the movement spread to all the country's four comers.
- Following this, Round Table Conferences were arranged by the British and Mahatma Gandhi attended the second Round Table Conference at London. But nothing came out of the conference, and the Civil Disobedience Movement was revived.
- During this time, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were arrested on the charges of throwing a bomb in the Central Assembly Hall (which is now Lok Sabha) in Delhi, to demonstrate against the autocratic alien rule. They were hanged to death on March 23, 1931.
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