Consider the following statements: The Classification of tribes as ...
- Statement 1 is correct. Initially during British rule, some of the tribal communities which were nomadic and semi-nomadic in nature were placed under Criminal Tribes Act 1871. After independence these communities were denotified from the act and thereafter the Act itself was repealed. Hence the terminology of denotified nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes became prevalent.
- Statement 2 is incorrect. The National Commission for denotified, semi- nomadic and nomadic tribes is not a statutory body, rather created through executive resolution by the central government. The first such Commission was created in 2003 under Chairmanship of Mr. Renke and second such commission was created in 2015 under Chairmanship of Mr Idate.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. In 1973, the Dhebar Commission created Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) as a separate category, who are less developed among the tribal groups. In 2006, the Government of India renamed the PTGs as PVTGs.
- PVTGs have some basic characteristics - they are mostly homogenous, with a small population, relatively physically isolated, absence of written language, relatively simple technology and a slower rate of change etc.
- Currently, 75 tribal groups have been categorized by the Ministry of Home Affairs as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG)s. PVTGs reside in 18 States and UT of A&N Islands. The highest number is in Odisha.
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Consider the following statements: The Classification of tribes as ...
Classification of Tribes and their Rights
Classification of Tribes:
The tribes in India are classified into different categories based on their social, economic, and political status. One such classification is based on the Habitual Offenders Act, which divides tribes into De-notified and Nomadic Tribes.
- De-notified Tribes: These are the tribes that were earlier classified as Criminal Tribes by the British government. After independence, the Criminal Tribes Act was repealed, and these tribes were de-notified. However, they continued to face discrimination and were marginalized from mainstream society.
- Nomadic Tribes: These are the tribes that do not have a fixed place of residence and keep moving from one place to another in search of livelihood. They are also known as "traveling communities."
Rights of Denotified, Nomadic, and Semi-nomadic Tribes:
To safeguard the rights of these tribes, the government has set up the National Commission for Denotified, Nomadic, and Semi-nomadic Tribes. This is a statutory body that works towards the welfare of these communities and ensures that their rights are protected.
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups:
Apart from the above classification, there is another category called Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). These are the tribes that are at the lowest rung of the social ladder, and their survival is at stake due to various factors such as poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition, and lack of healthcare facilities.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the statement "The Classification of tribes as De-notified and Nomadic Tribes is made under Habitual Offenders Act" is correct. However, the statement "National Commission for denotified nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes is a statutory body set up to safeguards the rights of these communities" is incorrect as it does not mention semi-nomadic tribes. The statement "Denotified, nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes form the sub-part of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups" is also incorrect as PVTGs are a separate category. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
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