Thermal cycle is used ina)Radioactivationb)Chemical reactionc)Polymera...
The actual PCR process is conducted via thermal cycling, a process of heating and cooling that creates the conditions necessary for DNA replication.This heats the DNA sample to a point where the double-stranded sample becomes uncoupled to create two individual DNA strands.
Thermal cycle is used ina)Radioactivationb)Chemical reactionc)Polymera...
Thermal cycle in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
PCR or Polymerase Chain Reaction is a technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence. The process involves a series of temperature changes, known as thermal cycling, which is crucial for the success of the reaction.
Denaturation:
- The first step in a PCR thermal cycle is denaturation, where the double-stranded DNA template is heated to a high temperature (typically around 94-98°C). This causes the two strands of DNA to separate, breaking the hydrogen bonds between them.
Annealing:
- After denaturation, the temperature is lowered to allow the primers to bind to their complementary sequences on the single-stranded DNA template. This step is known as annealing and usually occurs around 50-65°C.
Extension:
- The final step in the thermal cycle is extension, where the DNA polymerase enzyme extends the primers by adding nucleotides to the template strand. This step typically occurs at a temperature around 72°C.
Importance of Thermal Cycling:
- The thermal cycling process is essential for PCR as it allows for the repeated amplification of the target DNA sequence. By cycling through denaturation, annealing, and extension, multiple copies of the target DNA can be generated exponentially.
In conclusion, thermal cycling plays a crucial role in PCR by facilitating the denaturation, annealing, and extension of DNA strands, ultimately leading to the amplification of the target sequence.
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