Governor General Cornwallis created the Covenanted Civil Service of India which later came to be known as the Indian Civil Service.

Explanation:

Governor General Cornwallis played a significant role in the administrative reforms in India during the British rule. He introduced the concept of a merit-based and professional civil service known as the Covenanted Civil Service in India. This system later came to be known as the Indian Civil Service.

Here is a detailed explanation of how Cornwallis created the Indian Civil Service:

1. Introduction of the Covenanted Civil Service:
- In 1786, Governor General Cornwallis implemented administrative reforms in India.
- He introduced the concept of the Covenanted Civil Service, which aimed to create a professional and efficient administrative system.
- The Covenanted Civil Service was based on the principles of meritocracy and appointment through open competitions.

2. Establishment of Competitive Examinations:
- To select candidates for the Covenanted Civil Service, Cornwallis established competitive examinations.
- These examinations were conducted in England and were open to both British and Indian candidates.
- The candidates had to pass the examinations to be appointed to the Indian Civil Service.

3. Recruitment and Training of Civil Servants:
- The successful candidates in the competitive examinations were recruited as civil servants.
- They were appointed to various administrative positions in India.
- The civil servants underwent rigorous training to prepare them for their roles and responsibilities.

4. Role and Functions of the Indian Civil Service:
- The Indian Civil Service played a crucial role in the administration of British India.
- The civil servants held key positions in the British administration, including district collectors, magistrates, and commissioners.
- They were responsible for maintaining law and order, implementing policies, and collecting revenue.

5. Legacy and Impact:
- The Indian Civil Service became the backbone of the British administration in India.
- It provided stability and continuity to the administrative system.
- The civil servants played a significant role in shaping the policies and governance of British India.

In conclusion, Governor General Cornwallis created the Covenanted Civil Service of India, which later became known as the Indian Civil Service. This administrative reform introduced a professional and merit-based system for the administration of British India. The Indian Civil Service played a crucial role in the governance of India and had a lasting impact on the country's administrative structure.

Option c lord Cornwallis