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Separation of flow occurs when pressure gradient:
- a)Tends to approach zero
- b)Becomes negative
- c)Changes abruptly
- d)Reduces to a value when vapour formation starts
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
Separation of flow occurs when pressure gradient:a)Tends to approach ...
- Flow separation occurs when the boundary layer travels far enough against an adverse pressure gradient that the speed of the boundary layer relative to the object falls almost to zero.
- It has been observed that the flow is reversed in the vicinity of the wall under certain conditions.
- A favourable pressure gradient is one in which the pressure decreases in the flow direction (i.e., dp/dx < 0)="" />
- It tends to overcome the slowing of fluid particles caused by friction in the boundary layer.
- This pressure gradient arises when the freestream velocity U increases with x, for example, in the converging flow field in a nozzle.
- On the other hand, an adverse pressure gradient is one in which pressure increases in the flow direction (i.e., dp/dx > 0)
- It will cause fluid particles in the boundary layer to slow down faster than that due to boundary-layer friction alone.
- If the adverse pressure gradient is severe enough, the fluid particles in the boundary layer will actually be brought to rest.
- When this occurs, the particles will be forced away from the body surface (a phenomenon called flow separation) as they make room for following particles, ultimately leading to a wake in which flow is turbulent.
Most Upvoted Answer
Separation of flow occurs when pressure gradient:a)Tends to approach ...
Separation of flow refers to the phenomenon where the flow of a fluid over a surface becomes detached or separated from the surface, leading to turbulence and reduced efficiency or performance. This can occur when the pressure gradient changes abruptly, causing the flow to become unstable and separate from the surface.
Explanation:
- Pressure gradient refers to the change in pressure over a distance in a fluid flow. It is typically measured in units of force per unit area (e.g. N/m2 or psi).
- When the pressure gradient is positive, the pressure at one point in the flow is higher than at another point downstream. This creates a force that drives the fluid flow in the direction of decreasing pressure.
- However, if the pressure gradient changes abruptly, such as due to a sudden increase in the flow rate or a change in the geometry of the surface, the flow can become unstable and separate from the surface. This can lead to turbulence and reduced efficiency or performance, as well as increased noise and vibration.
- Separation of flow can also occur when the pressure gradient becomes negative, meaning that the pressure downstream of a given point is higher than the pressure upstream. This can happen in certain types of flow, such as in a boundary layer near a surface or in certain types of fluid mixing.
- However, in general, separation of flow is most likely to occur when the pressure gradient changes abruptly, regardless of whether it is positive or negative.
- Some ways to prevent or reduce separation of flow include using streamlined shapes, reducing the flow rate or viscosity of the fluid, and using boundary layer control techniques such as suction or blowing.
In summary, separation of flow occurs when the pressure gradient changes abruptly, causing the flow to become unstable and separate from the surface. This can lead to reduced efficiency and performance, as well as increased turbulence, noise, and vibration. Preventing or reducing separation of flow requires careful design and control of the fluid flow and surface geometry.
Explanation:
- Pressure gradient refers to the change in pressure over a distance in a fluid flow. It is typically measured in units of force per unit area (e.g. N/m2 or psi).
- When the pressure gradient is positive, the pressure at one point in the flow is higher than at another point downstream. This creates a force that drives the fluid flow in the direction of decreasing pressure.
- However, if the pressure gradient changes abruptly, such as due to a sudden increase in the flow rate or a change in the geometry of the surface, the flow can become unstable and separate from the surface. This can lead to turbulence and reduced efficiency or performance, as well as increased noise and vibration.
- Separation of flow can also occur when the pressure gradient becomes negative, meaning that the pressure downstream of a given point is higher than the pressure upstream. This can happen in certain types of flow, such as in a boundary layer near a surface or in certain types of fluid mixing.
- However, in general, separation of flow is most likely to occur when the pressure gradient changes abruptly, regardless of whether it is positive or negative.
- Some ways to prevent or reduce separation of flow include using streamlined shapes, reducing the flow rate or viscosity of the fluid, and using boundary layer control techniques such as suction or blowing.
In summary, separation of flow occurs when the pressure gradient changes abruptly, causing the flow to become unstable and separate from the surface. This can lead to reduced efficiency and performance, as well as increased turbulence, noise, and vibration. Preventing or reducing separation of flow requires careful design and control of the fluid flow and surface geometry.
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Separation of flow occurs when pressure gradient:a)Tends to approach ...
- Flow separation occurs when the boundary layer travels far enough against an adverse pressure gradient that the speed of the boundary layer relative to the object falls almost to zero.
- It has been observed that the flow is reversed in the vicinity of the wall under certain conditions.
- A favourable pressure gradient is one in which the pressure decreases in the flow direction (i.e., dp/dx < 0)="" />
- It tends to overcome the slowing of fluid particles caused by friction in the boundary layer.
- This pressure gradient arises when the freestream velocity U increases with x, for example, in the converging flow field in a nozzle.
- On the other hand, an adverse pressure gradient is one in which pressure increases in the flow direction (i.e., dp/dx > 0)
- It will cause fluid particles in the boundary layer to slow down faster than that due to boundary-layer friction alone.
- If the adverse pressure gradient is severe enough, the fluid particles in the boundary layer will actually be brought to rest.
- When this occurs, the particles will be forced away from the body surface (a phenomenon called flow separation) as they make room for following particles, ultimately leading to a wake in which flow is turbulent.
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Separation of flow occurs when pressure gradient:a)Tends to approach zerob)Becomes negativec)Changes abruptlyd)Reduces to a value when vapour formation startsCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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