Introduction:
The Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social movement that was started to protest against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It aims to protect the rights and livelihoods of the people who would be affected by the dam projects. The movement was started under the leadership of Medha Patkar.

Background:
The construction of large dams on the Narmada River began in the 1960s as part of the government's plan to increase irrigation and generate hydroelectric power. However, these dam projects resulted in the displacement of thousands of people, mostly tribal and rural communities, who lived in the areas that would be submerged by the reservoirs.

Formation of Narmada Bachao Andolan:
In the early 1980s, a group of activists and individuals concerned about the environmental and social impacts of the dam projects formed the Narmada Bachao Andolan. Medha Patkar, a social activist and leader, played a crucial role in organizing and leading the movement.

Objectives of Narmada Bachao Andolan:
1. Opposing the construction of large dams on the Narmada River.
2. Advocating for the rights and rehabilitation of the affected communities.
3. Highlighting the environmental impacts of the dam projects.
4. Promoting sustainable development alternatives.

Protests and Campaigns:
The Narmada Bachao Andolan organized various protests, rallies, and campaigns to raise awareness about the issues and demands of the affected communities. The activists used strategies like hunger strikes, sit-ins, and peaceful demonstrations to draw attention to their cause.

Key Achievements:
1. The NBA's efforts led to a reevaluation of the dam projects and the formulation of guidelines for the rehabilitation and resettlement of the affected communities.
2. The movement played a significant role in bringing the issues of displacement and environmental impacts of large dams to the forefront of public discourse.
3. It influenced the policies and decision-making processes related to dam construction in India.
4. The NBA also helped in mobilizing support from various national and international organizations, intellectuals, and individuals.

Conclusion:
The Narmada Bachao Andolan, under the leadership of Medha Patkar, has been instrumental in raising awareness about the negative impacts of large dam projects on the Narmada River. It has fought for the rights and rehabilitation of the affected communities and has played a crucial role in shaping the discourse around dam construction in India.