Draw a sectional view of the human heart and label on it – Aorta, Right ventricle and Pulmonary veins. (b) State the functions of the following components of transport system: (i) Blood (ii) Lymph?

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However, I can describe the sectional view of the human heart and label the requested parts.

The human heart is a muscular organ located in the chest cavity, slightly tilted towards the left side. It consists of four chambers: two atria (left and right) and two ventricles (left and right). The heart is divided into left and right halves by a septum, ensuring that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix.

In a sectional view of the human heart, the aorta, right ventricle, and pulmonary veins can be labeled as follows:

- Aorta: The aorta is the largest artery in the body and originates from the left ventricle of the heart. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to various parts of the body, ensuring the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs.

- Right Ventricle: The right ventricle is one of the chambers of the heart. It receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygenation.

- Pulmonary Veins: The pulmonary veins are a set of four veins (two from each lung) that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart. This oxygenated blood is then pumped into the systemic circulation through the left ventricle and aorta.

Functions of the Components of the Transport System:

(i) Blood:
- Transport of Oxygen: One of the main functions of blood is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells. Oxygen is bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells and is carried to the tissues for cellular respiration.

- Transport of Nutrients: Blood carries nutrients from the digestive system to various tissues and organs. These nutrients include glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals that are essential for the proper functioning of cells.

- Removal of Waste Products: Blood transports waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from the cells to the lungs for elimination. It also carries other waste products, like urea, from the liver to the kidneys for excretion.

- Immune Response: Blood contains white blood cells, antibodies, and other immune system components that help protect the body against infections and diseases. They recognize and destroy pathogens, bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances.

(ii) Lymph:
- Fluid Balance: Lymph helps maintain fluid balance in the body. It collects excess fluid, proteins, and cellular waste products that have leaked out of blood capillaries and returns them to the bloodstream.

- Immune Defense: Lymph plays a vital role in the immune system. Lymph nodes, which are present throughout the body, filter lymph and help in the production of white blood cells. They trap and destroy harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.

- Absorption of Dietary Fats: Lymph vessels, called lacteals, located in the small intestine, absorb dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. These fats are transported as chyle through the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream.

- Transportation of Hormones: Lymphatic vessels also transport hormones produced by various glands to their target organs. This helps in regulating various physiological processes in the body.

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Similar Class 10 Doubts

In the diagram of the vertical section of human heart given below certain parts have been indicated by alphabets.Choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts they indicate

Carefully study the diagram of the human heart with labels (I), (II), (III) and (IV). Select the option which gives correct identification and its main function.

The left ventricle of heart pumps blood into

The right ventricle of heart pumps blood into

Which of the following sequences is truly a systemic circulation pathway?

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