In 1830, the Belgians revolted against Dutch rule and successfully set up an independent nation. This revolt is known as the Belgian Revolution and it had significant implications for the political landscape of Europe at the time.

Causes of the Belgian Revolution:
- Religious and Cultural Differences: The Dutch and the Belgians had different cultures, languages, and religious affiliations. The Dutch were predominantly Protestant, while the Belgians were mainly Catholic. This religious and cultural divide led to tensions and a sense of alienation among the Belgian population.
- Economic Grievances: The Belgians believed that they were being economically exploited by the Dutch. They felt that their resources and wealth were being unfairly distributed to benefit the Dutch economy.
- Political Oppression: The Dutch monarchy imposed strict political control over Belgium, limiting their freedoms and rights. The Belgians resented this lack of autonomy and desired self-governance.

The Revolt:
- The Belgian Revolution began on August 25, 1830, with a performance of an opera in Brussels, which sparked widespread protests against Dutch rule.
- The initial protests quickly turned into a full-scale revolt, with the Belgian population rising up against the Dutch authorities.
- The revolutionaries formed a provisional government and declared their independence from the Netherlands on October 4, 1830.

Creation of an Independent Nation:
- The Belgian Revolution was successful, and Belgium gained recognition as an independent nation by various European powers.
- In 1831, the major European powers signed the Treaty of London, which recognized Belgium's independence and established it as a neutral country.
- Belgium adopted a constitutional monarchy and elected Leopold I as its first king.

Significance of the Belgian Revolution:
- The Belgian Revolution inspired other nationalist movements across Europe, as it demonstrated the possibility of overthrowing oppressive rule and establishing independent nations.
- The creation of Belgium had a profound impact on the balance of power in Europe. It disrupted the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and weakened the influence of the Dutch monarchy.
- Belgium's establishment as a neutral country helped maintain peace in Europe, as it served as a buffer between the major powers.

In conclusion, the Belgians revolted in 1830 against Dutch rule and successfully set up an independent nation through the Belgian Revolution. This revolution was driven by cultural, economic, and political grievances, and its success had significant implications for Europe's political landscape.