Mendal’s law can be applicable only when: (a) Characters are linked (b...
- Mendelian inheritance is a type of inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel.
- He started his crosses only with true breeding plants. He only measured binary characteristics such as color
, shape, and position of the seed, etc. He expressed his results numerically and subjected them to statistical analysis.
His method of data analysis and his large sample gave him credibility to his data. He had the foresight to follow several successive generations of pea plants and record the variations. He also performed test crosses to reveal the presence and proportions of recessive characters.
- The laws given by him were: the law of dominance, law of segregation and law of independent assortment.
So, the correct option is'Parents are pure breeding'.
Mendal’s law can be applicable only when: (a) Characters are linked (b...
Mendel's law can be applicable only when:
Mendel's laws, also known as Mendelian inheritance, are fundamental principles of genetics that describe the patterns by which traits are passed from parents to offspring. These laws are based on Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants in the 19th century. Mendel's laws can be applicable under certain conditions, which are outlined below:
(a) Characters are linked:
Mendel's laws are applicable when the traits or characters being studied are not linked or inherited together on the same chromosome. In other words, the genes controlling the traits should be located on different chromosomes or far apart on the same chromosome. If the genes controlling the characters are closely located on the same chromosome, they tend to be inherited together, violating Mendel's laws.
(b) Parents are purebred:
Mendel's laws are applicable when the parents involved in the cross are purebred or homozygous for the traits being studied. Purebred individuals have two identical alleles for a particular trait. This is important because it allows for the expression of only one form of the trait in the offspring, facilitating the observation of Mendelian ratios.
(c) F1 generation in monohybrid cross show 2 types of individuals:
Mendel's laws are applicable when the F1 generation resulting from a monohybrid cross between two purebred parents shows the presence of only two types of individuals. In a monohybrid cross, the parents differ in a single trait, and the F1 generation should exhibit only one of the two parental traits. This is an important observation as it sets the foundation for the subsequent generations and the segregation of traits according to Mendel's laws.
(d) One pair of contrasting characters depends on another pair:
Mendel's laws are applicable when the inheritance of one pair of contrasting traits does not depend on the inheritance of another pair of contrasting traits. This principle is known as the law of independent assortment. According to this law, the alleles for different traits segregate independently during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another trait, allowing for the application of Mendel's laws.
In summary, Mendel's laws can be applied when the characters being studied are not linked, the parents are purebred, the F1 generation in a monohybrid cross shows two types of individuals, and the inheritance of one pair of contrasting traits does not depend on another pair. These conditions provide the necessary foundation for the observation and application of Mendel's laws in the study of genetics.
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