Blood is brought to the glomerulus by thea)Renal veinb)Afferent arteriolec)Efferent arterioled)Peritubular capillariesCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries located within Bowman's capsule within the kidney. Blood enters the capillaries of the glomerulus by a single arteriole called an afferent arteriole and leaves by an efferent arteriole.

Answer

Blood enters the glomerulus through an afferent arteriole, and exits via an efferent arteriole.

Answer

**Explanation:**

The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located in the renal corpuscle of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. It is responsible for the filtration of blood and the formation of urine.

In order to understand why the correct answer is option 'B', it is important to understand the blood flow through the kidney.

1. **Renal artery:** Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, which branches off from the abdominal aorta. The renal artery carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys.

2. **Afferent arteriole:** Once the blood enters the kidney, it is divided into smaller arterioles. One of these arterioles is called the afferent arteriole, which delivers blood to the glomerulus.

3. **Glomerulus:** The afferent arteriole brings blood into the glomerulus, where filtration occurs. The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries with fenestrated endothelium, meaning it has small pores that allow for the passage of solutes and water.

4. **Efferent arteriole:** After the blood is filtered in the glomerulus, it exits through another arteriole called the efferent arteriole. The efferent arteriole carries the filtered blood away from the glomerulus.

5. **Peritubular capillaries:** The efferent arteriole gives rise to a network of capillaries called the peritubular capillaries. These capillaries surround the renal tubules, which are responsible for reabsorbing water and solutes from the filtrate to maintain the body's electrolyte balance.

Now we can see why the correct answer is option 'B' (Afferent arteriole). The afferent arteriole brings blood into the glomerulus, where filtration occurs. It is the blood vessel that delivers blood to the site of filtration. The other options are incorrect because:

- **A) Renal vein:** The renal vein carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidney and back to the heart, so it is not involved in bringing blood to the glomerulus.

- **C) Efferent arteriole:** This is the blood vessel that carries the filtered blood away from the glomerulus, so it is not responsible for bringing blood to the glomerulus.

- **D) Peritubular capillaries:** These capillaries surround the renal tubules and are involved in reabsorption, not filtration. They receive blood from the efferent arteriole, not the afferent arteriole.

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