Bleaching Powder as a Disinfectant
Bleaching powder, chemically known as calcium hypochlorite, is widely used in drinking water treatment primarily for its disinfectant properties. Here’s a detailed explanation of its role:
1. Nature of Bleaching Powder
- Bleaching powder is a white powder that releases chlorine when dissolved in water.
- Chlorine is a powerful oxidizing agent, making it effective in killing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.
2. Disinfection Process
- When added to water, bleaching powder reacts to produce hypochlorous acid, which is the active disinfecting agent.
- This acid penetrates microbial cell walls, disrupting their functions and leading to cell death.
3. Importance in Drinking Water
- Disinfection is crucial for ensuring the safety of drinking water, preventing waterborne diseases like cholera and typhoid.
- The use of bleaching powder helps in achieving potable water standards, making it safe for human consumption.
4. Advantages of Bleaching Powder
- It is relatively inexpensive and easy to use, making it accessible for large-scale water treatment.
- It provides residual disinfection, meaning it continues to kill pathogens even after the initial treatment.
5. Conclusion
- In summary, bleaching powder is primarily used as a disinfectant in drinking water due to its effectiveness in eliminating harmful microorganisms.
- Its role is vital in public health, ensuring that the water supply remains safe and free from contamination.
By understanding these aspects, one can appreciate why the correct answer is option 'A' - Disinfectant.