Cause of Conflict between Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas during Sangam Age

The Sangam Age (300 BCE-300 CE) was a period of great cultural, economic, and political development in South India. During this time, three major dynasties - the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas - emerged and competed for territorial control. The primary cause of conflict between these dynasties was their desire to control the fertile deltas.

Control over Fertile Deltas

The fertile deltas of the rivers Kaveri, Godavari, and Krishna were the key to the prosperity of South India during the Sangam Age. These deltas were the main agricultural regions of the region and produced rice, sugarcane, and cotton. The dynasties that controlled these regions could tax the farmers and use the surplus to fund their armies and courtiers. Therefore, the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas fought for control over these fertile deltas.

Coastal Regions

Another reason for the conflict between the dynasties was the desire to control the coastal regions. The coast was crucial for trade and commerce, and the ports of South India were important centers of trade with Southeast Asia, China, and the Mediterranean. The dynasties fought for control over these ports and the revenue they generated.

Access to Important Trading and Urban Centers

The need for access to important trading and urban centers was another cause of conflict between the dynasties. The cities of Madurai, Kanchipuram, and Thanjavur were important cultural, religious, and political centers of the region. The dynasties fought for control over these cities to establish their legitimacy and authority.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the primary cause of conflict between the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas during the Sangam Age was their desire to control the fertile deltas. The dynasties also fought for control over the coastal regions and important trading and urban centers. These conflicts shaped the political and economic landscape of South India and contributed to the cultural and literary achievements of the Sangam Age.