Proteins are polymers of amino acids. So, plants are also used to synthesise protein from amino acids. Hence, plants synthesis protein from amino acids in the presence of ATP by specific synthetases.

Plants synthesize protein from amino acids.

Plants are capable of synthesizing their own proteins, which are essential for various biological processes such as growth, development, and defense. The synthesis of proteins in plants occurs through a complex process known as translation, which takes place in the ribosomes of plant cells. The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which are derived from various sources.

Sources of amino acids in plants:

1. Nitrogen fixation: Plants can fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria or through the absorption of nitrogenous compounds from the soil. Nitrogen is an essential element for the synthesis of amino acids, and plants obtain it in the form of nitrates or ammonium ions.

2. Photosynthesis: Plants produce glucose through the process of photosynthesis, using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight. Glucose is then converted into various organic compounds, including amino acids, through a series of biochemical reactions. This process is known as carbon assimilation.

3. Breakdown of proteins: Plants can also obtain amino acids by breaking down proteins from various sources, such as organic matter in the soil or through the recycling of their own proteins. This breakdown is facilitated by enzymes called proteases.

Protein synthesis in plants:

Once the necessary amino acids are available in the plant cells, protein synthesis can occur. This process involves several steps:

1. Transcription: The DNA in the plant cell nucleus is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. The mRNA carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes.

2. Translation: The mRNA molecules are transported from the nucleus to the ribosomes, where the actual synthesis of proteins takes place. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the specific amino acids to the ribosomes, according to the information encoded in the mRNA. The ribosomes link the amino acids together in the correct sequence to form a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein.

3. Post-translational modifications: After protein synthesis, the newly formed proteins may undergo various modifications, such as folding, addition of chemical groups, or cleavage of certain segments. These modifications are essential for the proteins to acquire their proper structure and function.

In conclusion, plants synthesize proteins from amino acids, which are obtained through various sources such as nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, and protein breakdown. The synthesis occurs through the process of translation, involving the ribosomes and various RNA molecules. Protein synthesis is crucial for the growth, development, and survival of plants.