Thymus is the main organ for the maturation of the T-lymphosites. so if we remove thymus gland the mammals will not be able to mature the T - lymphocytes

Explanation:

The thymus gland is responsible for the production and maturation of T lymphocytes or T cells, which are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response. T cells play a crucial role in recognizing and responding to foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.

When mammals are born without a thymus gland or have a dysfunctional thymus gland, they are not able to manufacture T lymphocytes. This is because the thymus gland is the primary site of T cell development and maturation. Without a functional thymus gland, the production of T cells is impaired or absent.

Role of T Lymphocytes:

T lymphocytes are a critical component of the adaptive immune system. They are responsible for coordinating and regulating the immune response. T cells recognize specific antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and initiate an immune response against them. This response can involve the activation of other immune cells, such as B lymphocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells.

Types of T Lymphocytes:

There are several types of T lymphocytes, each with different functions:

1. Helper T cells (CD4+ T cells): These cells help coordinate the immune response by activating other immune cells, such as B cells and cytotoxic T cells. They also play a role in regulating the immune response.

2. Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells): These cells directly kill infected cells or cancer cells by releasing cytotoxic substances.

3. Regulatory T cells (Tregs): These cells suppress the immune response, preventing excessive immune reactions and maintaining immune tolerance.

4. Memory T cells: These cells are long-lived and can quickly respond to a previously encountered antigen, leading to a faster and more effective immune response.

Conclusion:

In summary, mammals born without a thymus gland or with a dysfunctional thymus gland are unable to manufacture T lymphocytes. This deficiency impairs the adaptive immune response, as T cells are essential for recognizing and responding to foreign substances. Without T lymphocytes, the immune system's ability to fight infections, control cancer cells, and maintain immune balance is compromised.