The factor that did not play an important part in the making of the Maratha nation is the Deccan policy of the Mughals.

The Deccan policy of the Mughals

The Mughal Empire had a significant impact on the political landscape of India, including the Deccan region. The Mughals attempted to expand their empire into the Deccan, which led to several conflicts and wars. However, the Deccan policy of the Mughals did not play a crucial role in the making of the Maratha nation. This can be understood through the following points:

1. Rise of the Marathas: The Marathas emerged as a formidable force in the 17th century, much before the Mughals attempted to expand into the Deccan. The Marathas were initially a part of the Bhonsle clan and were regional warriors. They gained prominence through their military skills, clever strategies, and a strong sense of nationalism. The rise of the Marathas can be attributed to factors such as the influence of geography, religious revival, and military training, which were more significant in shaping the Maratha nation.

2. Influence of geography: The geographical location of the Deccan played a crucial role in the rise of the Marathas. The Deccan region, with its rugged terrain and dense forests, provided natural defenses and allowed the Marathas to establish their stronghold. The Marathas utilized the difficult terrain to their advantage and developed guerrilla warfare tactics, which helped them resist the Mughal expansion and maintain their independence.

3. Religious revival in the Deccan: The religious revival in the Deccan, particularly the Bhakti movement, played a significant role in shaping the Maratha identity. The Bhakti movement emphasized devotion and egalitarianism, which resonated with the Marathas and helped forge a sense of unity among them. The Marathas, influenced by the teachings of saints like Tukaram and Ramdas, developed a strong sense of cultural and religious identity, which became an integral part of the Maratha nation.

4. Military training under the Deccan sultans: The Marathas received military training under the Deccan sultans, particularly the Nizamshahi and Adilshahi dynasties. This training played a crucial role in honing their military skills and preparing them for future conflicts. The Marathas learned various warfare techniques, including cavalry tactics, fortification strategies, and guerrilla warfare, which became the cornerstone of their military strength.

Conclusion:

While the Deccan policy of the Mughals did have an impact on the political landscape of the Deccan, it did not play a significant role in the making of the Maratha nation. The rise of the Marathas can be attributed to other factors such as the influence of geography, religious revival, and military training, which were more instrumental in shaping the Maratha identity.