Proper farming techniques are essential for soil conservation to maintain soil health and prevent soil erosion. Here are five proper farming techniques used for soil conservation:

1. Crop Rotation:
Crop rotation involves planting different crops in the same field every year to maintain soil fertility and prevent soil depletion. Crop rotation also helps in controlling pests and diseases, improving soil structure, and reducing soil erosion.

2. Conservation Tillage:
Conservation tillage involves minimum soil disturbance and leaving crop residues on the field after harvesting. This technique helps in reducing soil erosion, improving soil quality, and conserving water.

3. Cover Crops:
Cover crops are planted in between the main crops to protect the soil from erosion, improve soil fertility, and suppress weeds. Cover crops also help in retaining moisture in the soil and providing habitat for beneficial insects and microorganisms.

4. Terracing:
Terracing involves creating flat areas on steep slopes to prevent soil erosion and retain water. Terracing also helps in improving soil fertility and reducing nutrient loss by retaining soil and water on the terraces.

5. Agroforestry:
Agroforestry involves planting trees and crops together to improve soil fertility, prevent soil erosion, and provide multiple benefits. Trees help in retaining water, reducing soil erosion, and providing shade and shelter for crops and animals.

In conclusion, proper farming techniques are crucial for soil conservation to maintain soil health and prevent soil erosion. Crop rotation, conservation tillage, cover crops, terracing, and agroforestry are some of the effective techniques used for soil conservation.

Soil conservation includes all those measures which help in protecting the soil from erosion or degradation.
(i) Crop rotation : If the same crop is sown in the same field, year after year, this consumes certain nutrients from the soil making it infertile. Crop rotation can check this type of erosion.
(ii) Settled agriculture : Checking and reducing shifting agriculture by persuading the tribal people to switch over to settled agriculture.
(iii) Terracing and contour bunding : Terracing and contour bunding across the hill slopes is a very effective, and one of the oldest methods of soil conservation. Hill slope is cut into a number of terraces having horizontal top and steep slopes on the back and front. Contour bunding involves the construction of bank along the contour.
(iv) Strip cropping : Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind. This method is known as strip cropping.
(v) Shelter Belt : Planting lines of trees to create shelter also works in a similar way. Rows of such trees are called shelter belts. These shelter belts have contributed significantly to the stabilisation of sand dunes and in establishing the desert in western India.