Background:
The proposal for a Muslim majority autonomous region within India was first put forward by Muhammad Iqbal. He was a prominent philosopher, poet, and politician in British India. Iqbal is widely regarded as having played a pivotal role in inspiring the idea of a separate Muslim state, which eventually led to the creation of Pakistan.

Muhammad Iqbal's Idea:
Muhammad Iqbal first proposed the idea of a separate Muslim majority region within India in his presidential address at the All India Muslim League session in Allahabad in 1930. This address is known as the Allahabad Address or the Iqbal's Presidential Address.

Iqbal's Vision:
Iqbal envisioned the creation of a separate state for the Muslims of India, where they could live in accordance with their religious and cultural values. He argued that the Muslims of India had a distinct identity and should have their own homeland to protect their interests and ensure their development.

Autonomous Region:
Iqbal's proposal was not for a completely separate and independent state, but rather for an autonomous region within India where Muslims would have the freedom to govern themselves and protect their rights. This idea of an autonomous region was a compromise between complete assimilation into a Hindu-majority India and the demand for a separate state.

Impact:
Iqbal's proposal had a significant impact on the political discourse in India at that time. It provided intellectual and ideological support to the demand for a separate Muslim state, which later became the basis for the creation of Pakistan. Iqbal's vision and ideas were later embraced and championed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who went on to lead the Muslim League and become the founding father of Pakistan.

Conclusion:
Muhammad Iqbal's proposal of a Muslim majority autonomous region within India laid the foundation for the demand for a separate Muslim state. His ideas and vision were instrumental in shaping the political landscape of British India and eventually led to the creation of Pakistan.