Direction: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is...
On garden pea for many years mendel carried out hybridization experiments. He performed various types of cross breeding and then allowed the offspring for self breeding. He selected varieties and used pure lines of true breeding lines, i.e., they produce offspring resembling the parents. these lines show the stable trait inheritance and expression for several generations making them suitable for genetic studies.
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Direction: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is...
Assertion: Mendel used true-breeding pea lines for artificial pollination experiments for his genetic studies.
Reason: For several generations, a true-breeding line shows the stable trait inheritance and expression.
The correct answer is option 'A': Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Explanation:
Mendel's experiments with pea plants laid the foundation for the field of genetics. He conducted his experiments by crossing true-breeding pea lines with contrasting traits and observed the inheritance patterns in the offspring.
True-breeding lines are those that, when self-pollinated or cross-pollinated with another individual of the same line, consistently produce offspring with the same traits as the parent. This stability in trait inheritance and expression is important for genetic studies because it allows researchers to accurately predict the traits of the offspring.
Mendel used true-breeding pea lines to ensure that the traits he was studying were not influenced by any other factors. By using true-breeding lines, he could be confident that the traits being passed on to the offspring were solely determined by the genes involved and not by any environmental or external factors.
Mendel performed artificial pollination experiments to control the mating between different pea plants. By manually transferring pollen from the male reproductive organs (anthers) of one plant to the female reproductive organs (stigma) of another plant, he could ensure specific crosses between true-breeding lines.
Through his experiments, Mendel discovered the principles of inheritance, including the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment. These principles laid the foundation for our understanding of genetics and are still widely applicable in modern genetic studies.
In conclusion, Mendel used true-breeding pea lines for his genetic studies because they provided a stable and predictable system for studying trait inheritance. The use of true-breeding lines allowed him to accurately observe and analyze the patterns of inheritance, leading to his groundbreaking discoveries in the field of genetics.
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