Which of the following statements regarding the Mongols in the 13th c...
- Statement 1 is not correct as Changez Khan reached Indus during the reign of Iltutmish in 1221 AD, chasing the Khwarizmi prince Jalaluddin.
- Statement 2 is correct as Abdullah the grandson of Mongol ruler Halaku marched towards Delhi with 1.5 lakh horses. He was defeated by Jalaluddin Khalji at Bhatinda.
- Statement 3 is correct as Alauddin Khalji had faced a 2 lakh strong Mongol force near Delhi under Qutlugh Khwaja. This forced him to raise a strong army.
Which of the following statements regarding the Mongols in the 13th c...
Introduction:
The Mongols were a nomadic people from Central Asia who established one of the largest empires in history. In the 13th century, they launched invasions into various regions, including India. This question focuses on the Mongols' activities and their interactions with Indian rulers during this time.
Explanation:
Let's analyze each statement and determine its accuracy:
1. The Mongol emperor Changez Khan did not cross the Indus due to the fear of Balban’s army.
- This statement is incorrect. Changez Khan, also known as Genghis Khan, was the founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. However, he did not launch any invasions into India during his lifetime. Therefore, there is no question of him crossing the Indus or fearing Balban's army.
2. Mongol king Abdullah was defeated by Jalaluddin Khalji in Bhatinda.
- This statement is incorrect. There is no historical record of a Mongol king named Abdullah being defeated by Jalaluddin Khalji in Bhatinda. Jalaluddin Khalji was the founder and first Sultan of the Khalji dynasty in Delhi Sultanate. While the Mongols did invade India during this period, there is no specific mention of a battle between Abdullah and Jalaluddin Khalji in Bhatinda.
3. Mongol invasion during Alauddin Khalji’s rule laid the foundations of a strong Sultanate army.
- This statement is correct. Alauddin Khalji was the second Sultan of the Khalji dynasty in Delhi Sultanate. During his rule, he successfully repelled several Mongol invasions. These invasions, led by Mongol generals such as Qutlugh Khwaja and Kaidu, were fierce and threatened the stability of the Delhi Sultanate. Alauddin Khalji's successful defense against the Mongols allowed him to strengthen his army and establish a strong Sultanate army, which played a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the Delhi Sultanate.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, statement 1 is incorrect, statement 2 is incorrect, and statement 3 is correct. The Mongol emperor Changez Khan did not cross the Indus, there is no historical record of a Mongol king named Abdullah being defeated by Jalaluddin Khalji in Bhatinda, and the Mongol invasions during Alauddin Khalji's rule did lay the foundations of a strong Sultanate army. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - 2 and 3 only.
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