Daulatabad was the capital transferred to, from Delhi by Muhammad Tughlaq.

Explanation:


Muhammad Tughlaq was an ambitious and visionary ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty in India. He had a passion for knowledge and learning and was interested in the advancement of science, technology, and literature. However, his reign was marked by confusion, violence, and mismanagement. One of his most controversial decisions was to transfer the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad. Here is an explanation of why he did so and what were the consequences of this move.

Reasons for transferring the capital:


Muhammad Tughlaq had several reasons for transferring the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad. Here are some of them:

1. Strategic location: Daulatabad was strategically located on a hilltop, which made it difficult for enemies to attack. It was also closer to the Deccan region, which was a significant source of revenue for the empire.

2. Water shortage: Delhi faced acute water shortages, which made it difficult for the people to survive. Muhammad Tughlaq believed that Daulatabad had a more reliable water supply and could support a larger population.

3. Cultural diversity: Muhammad Tughlaq was interested in promoting cultural diversity and wanted to build a new capital that would reflect the diverse traditions and languages of India.

4. Personal interest: Muhammad Tughlaq was a scholar and was interested in building a new center of learning and knowledge.

Consequences of the move:


The transfer of the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad had several consequences, some of which were negative. Here are some of them:

1. Economic cost: The transfer of the capital was a massive undertaking and cost the empire a significant amount of money. It also disrupted trade and commerce and caused economic hardship for the people.

2. Political instability: The move caused political instability, as many people were unhappy with the decision. It also weakened the central government's control over the empire and encouraged regional rebellions.

3. Social unrest: The move caused social unrest, as many people were forced to leave their homes and businesses and move to a new location.

4. Cultural diversity: While Muhammad Tughlaq's intentions were noble, the move did not lead to the promotion of cultural diversity. Instead, it contributed to the fragmentation of the empire and the emergence of regional identities.

Conclusion:


In conclusion, Muhammad Tughlaq's decision to transfer the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad was a controversial one that had several consequences. While he had noble intentions, the move did not lead to the advancement of the empire. Instead, it contributed to its decline and eventual collapse.