What is esterification and saponification.?

Question

Answer

Answer

ANSWER

Esterification:-

1. Reaction in which carboxylic acid react with alcohol in concentrated H2SO4

2. It forms a fruity smelling compound ester.

C2H5OH+CH3COOH⟶ConcentratedH2SO4CH3COOC2H5+H2O

Saponification :-

1. reaction in which ester reacts with Alkali solution.

2. It forms compound called soap.

CH3COOOC2H5+NaOH⟶C2H5OH+CH3COO⊝Na

Answer

Esterification: The reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to form an ester is called esterification.Saponification: Animals fats and vegetable oils are esters of higher fatty acids with glycerol( a trihydric alcohol). when oil and fats are hydrolysed by heating with NaOH, they form soaps. As the reaction leads to the formation of a soap. it is called saponification.hope it helps u.. if u want chemical reaction too please ask again for it.

Answer

Esterification and Saponification

Esterification and saponification are two important chemical reactions that involve the formation of esters and soap, respectively. Let's take a closer look at each process.

Esterification

Esterification is the chemical reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, resulting in the formation of an ester and water. This reaction is catalyzed by an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or hydrochloric acid (HCl).

The general formula for an ester is RCOOR', where R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups. Esters are commonly used in perfumes, flavorings, and as solvents in various applications. The process of esterification is also used in the production of biodiesel fuel.

The reaction mechanism for esterification involves the protonation of the carboxylic acid by the acid catalyst, followed by the nucleophilic attack of the alcohol on the carbonyl carbon of the protonated acid. This results in the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate, which then eliminates a molecule of water to form the ester.

Saponification

Saponification is the hydrolysis of an ester under basic conditions, resulting in the formation of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. This process is commonly used in the production of soap from fats and oils.

The reaction mechanism for saponification involves the nucleophilic attack of the hydroxide ion (OH-) on the carbonyl carbon of the ester. This results in the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate, which then collapses to form a carboxylate ion and an alcohol.

The carboxylate ion then reacts with the cation of a base, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, to form a salt. This salt is the soap, which is soluble in water and can emulsify oils and grease.

Conclusion

Esterification and saponification are important chemical reactions that have a wide range of applications in industry and everyday life. Understanding these processes can help us to appreciate the chemistry behind many of the products that we use on a daily basis.

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Answer

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Define:Esterification reaction&saponification reaction

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