Ghiyas-ud-din Balban who ruled India as the Sultan of Delhi from 1266 to 1287 A.D. He was one of the greatest Sultans of the Mediaeval periods.

Introduction:
The traditions of "Paibos" and "Sajda" were introduced by Balban, who was a prominent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled from 1266 to 1287 AD and played a significant role in shaping the political and social structure of the Sultanate.

Balban's Reign and Policies:
During his reign, Balban implemented several measures to strengthen the authority of the Sultanate and maintain central control over the vast territories. He adopted a strict and autocratic approach, aiming to establish a centralized monarchy.

Introduction of "Paibos" and "Sajda":
To reinforce his position as a powerful ruler, Balban introduced the traditions of "Paibos" and "Sajda" in the court. These traditions were meant to emphasize the superiority and authority of the Sultan.

Paibos:
The tradition of "Paibos" required all courtiers, including nobles, officials, and ministers, to touch the feet of the Sultan as a mark of respect and submission. By making this act mandatory, Balban aimed to establish a hierarchical relationship between himself and his subjects. It symbolized the complete subordination of the courtiers to the Sultan's authority.

Sajda:
The tradition of "Sajda" involved prostration before the Sultan. Courtiers were required to bow down and touch their foreheads to the ground in front of the Sultan as a gesture of reverence. This act further emphasized the Sultan's position as a figure of absolute power and authority.

Significance and Impact:
The introduction of "Paibos" and "Sajda" had significant implications for the political and social structure of the Delhi Sultanate. It reinforced the autocratic rule of the Sultan and established a clear distinction between the ruler and the ruled. These traditions aimed to ensure the loyalty and submission of the courtiers, while also symbolizing the Sultan's divine right to rule.

Conclusion:
Balban's introduction of the traditions of "Paibos" and "Sajda" played a crucial role in consolidating the authority of the Delhi Sultanate. These practices emphasized the Sultan's position as a powerful and unquestionable ruler, and they contributed to the development of a hierarchical political structure within the Sultanate.