The energy flow takes place via the food chain and food web. During the process of energy flow in the ecosystem, plants being the producers absorb sunlight with the help of the chloroplasts . This energy is stored in various organic products in the plants and passed on to the primary consumers in the food chain when the herbivores consume (primary consumers) the plants as food. Then followed by the secondary consumers. When these herbivores are ingested by carnivores.

In a food chain the energy flow follows 10% law.The 10 percent law of energy flow states that when the energy is passed on from one trophic level to another, only 10 percent of the energy is passed on to the next trophic level.

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Ecosystems are made up of various living and non-living components that interact with one another. Energy flows through these components in a constantly changing cycle, which is essential for the survival of all organisms within the ecosystem.

Producers

Producers are the first level of the food chain, which capture energy from the sun through photosynthesis. They are usually plants, algae, or bacteria that convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This energy is then stored in the plant's tissues and is available to other organisms that consume them.

Consumers

Consumers are the next level in the food chain, which feed on the producers or other consumers. There are three types of consumers: herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. Herbivores eat only plants, while carnivores eat only other animals. Omnivores eat both plants and animals.

Decomposers

Decomposers are the final level of the food chain, which break down dead organic matter into simpler forms. They include bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms that feed on dead plants and animals. Decomposers release nutrients back into the soil, which are then absorbed by the plants, starting the cycle again.

Energy Transfer

Energy is transferred from one organism to another through feeding. When one organism eats another, it gains energy, which is used for growth and reproduction. However, not all the energy is transferred from one organism to another. Some of it is lost as heat, while others are used for the organism's own metabolism. This means that energy is lost as it moves up the food chain, and fewer organisms can survive at higher levels.

Conclusion

In conclusion, energy flows through various components of an ecosystem in a constant cycle. Producers capture solar energy, which is then transferred to consumers through feeding. Decomposers break down dead organic matter, releasing nutrients back into the soil, which are then absorbed by the plants. This cycle is essential for the survival of all organisms within the ecosystem, as it provides energy and nutrients needed for growth and reproduction.