2 g of sugar is added to one litre of water to give sugar solution. Wh...
When a non-volatile solute is added to water there is elevation in boiling point and depression is freezing point.
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2 g of sugar is added to one litre of water to give sugar solution. Wh...
Effect of Addition of Sugar on the Boiling Point and Freezing Point of Water
The addition of sugar to water affects both the boiling point and freezing point of the solution. Let's explore the changes in more detail:
1. Boiling Point:
When a solute, such as sugar, is dissolved in a solvent, such as water, it increases the boiling point of the solution compared to the pure solvent. This is known as boiling point elevation.
- Boiling Point Elevation:
- When sugar is dissolved in water, the sugar molecules occupy some of the space between the water molecules.
- This leads to a decrease in the vapor pressure of the solution.
- In order for the solution to reach its boiling point, the vapor pressure must equal the external pressure (usually atmospheric pressure).
- Due to the decrease in vapor pressure caused by the presence of sugar, the solution needs to be heated to a higher temperature in order to reach the boiling point.
- Therefore, the boiling point of the sugar solution is higher than that of pure water.
2. Freezing Point:
The addition of sugar to water also affects the freezing point of the solution. It causes a decrease in the freezing point compared to the pure solvent. This is known as freezing point depression.
- Freezing Point Depression:
- When sugar is dissolved in water, the sugar molecules disrupt the formation of the regular crystal lattice structure of ice.
- The presence of sugar molecules between water molecules prevents them from forming a tightly packed arrangement necessary for the formation of ice.
- As a result, the solution needs to be cooled to a lower temperature in order for the water molecules to arrange themselves into a solid (ice) structure.
- Therefore, the freezing point of the sugar solution is lower than that of pure water.
Summary:
In summary, the addition of sugar to water affects the boiling point and freezing point of the solution. The boiling point increases, while the freezing point decreases. This is due to the phenomenon of boiling point elevation and freezing point depression caused by the presence of sugar molecules in the solution.
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