When acetone and chloroform are mixed together, hydrogen bonds are for...
When acetone and chloroform are mixed together, hydrogen bonds are formed between them which increases intermolecular interactions hence decreases the vapour pressure showing negative deviation.
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When acetone and chloroform are mixed together, hydrogen bonds are for...
Explanation:
When acetone and chloroform are mixed together, hydrogen bonds are formed between them. This interaction between the molecules affects the overall behavior of the solution.
Positive and Negative Deviation:
The behavior of a solution can be classified as either an ideal solution, positive deviation, or negative deviation based on the change in vapor pressure compared to the vapor pressure of the pure components.
- Ideal Solution: An ideal solution is formed when the vapor pressure of the solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure components. In an ideal solution, there are no significant interactions between the molecules, and the vapor pressure follows Raoult's law. This means that the partial vapor pressure of each component is directly proportional to its mole fraction in the solution.
- Positive Deviation: A positive deviation occurs when the vapor pressure of the solution is higher than the vapor pressure of the pure components. This indicates that there are attractive interactions between the molecules in the solution that are stronger than the attractive interactions in the pure components. As a result, the vapor pressure of each component is higher than expected based on Raoult's law.
- Negative Deviation: A negative deviation occurs when the vapor pressure of the solution is lower than the vapor pressure of the pure components. This indicates that there are attractive interactions between the molecules in the solution that are weaker than the attractive interactions in the pure components. As a result, the vapor pressure of each component is lower than expected based on Raoult's law.
Explanation of the Correct Answer:
In the case of acetone and chloroform, when they are mixed together, hydrogen bonds are formed between them. The presence of hydrogen bonds results in stronger attractive interactions between the molecules in the solution.
Since hydrogen bonding is a stronger interaction compared to the van der Waals forces present in the pure components, the attractive interactions between acetone and chloroform molecules in the solution are stronger than the attractive interactions in the pure components. This leads to a decrease in the vapor pressure of both acetone and chloroform in the solution compared to their vapor pressures in the pure state.
Therefore, when acetone and chloroform are mixed together, negative deviation is shown since there is a decrease in vapor pressure. The correct answer is option 'C'.
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