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A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.?
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A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain pe...
Calculation of Chemicals Required for Softening Water and Their Cost
Given Data:
- Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6
- CaSO4 = 6.8
- MgCl2 = 19.0
- MgSO4 = 12.0
- CaCO3 = 10.0
- Purity of lime = 95%
- Purity of soda = 90%
- Cost of 100 pounds of lime = Rs. 14.00
- Cost of 100 pounds of soda = Rs. 48.00
- Volume of water to be softened = 20,000 gallons
Calculation of Chemicals Required for Softening Water:
1. Calculation of Lime Required:
- Calculation of CaCO3 equivalent of Mg(HCO3)2:
- Mg(HCO3)2 → 2Mg2+ + 2HCO3-
- CaCO3 → Ca2+ + CO32-
- 2HCO3- + Ca2+ → CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
- Mg(HCO3)2 is equivalent to CaCO3 in the following proportion:
- 2HCO3- + Mg2+ → MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O
- Equivalent weight of Mg(HCO3)2 = (2 x 61.02) / 2 = 61.02
- Equivalent weight of CaCO3 = 50
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of Mg(HCO3)2 is equivalent to (50 / 61.02) = 0.819 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Calculation of CaCO3 equivalent of MgSO4 and MgCl2:
- MgSO4 → Mg2+ + SO42-
- MgCl2 → Mg2+ + 2Cl-
- Both MgSO4 and MgCl2 react with lime as follows:
- Mg2+ + Ca(OH)2 → Mg(OH)2 + Ca2+
- MgSO4 and MgCl2 are equivalent to CaCO3 in the following proportion:
- Equivalent weight of MgSO4 = 120.37 / 2 = 60.19
- Equivalent weight of MgCl2 = 95.21 / 2 = 47.6
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of MgSO4 is equivalent to (50 / 60.19) = 0.83 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of MgCl2 is equivalent to (50 / 47.6) = 1.05 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Calculation of lime required:
- Total hardness = Mg(HCO3)2 + CaSO4 + MgCl2 + MgSO4
- Total hardness in terms of CaCO3 = (14.6 x 0.819) + (6.8 x 1) + (19 x 1.05) + (12 x 0.83) = 39.96 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Lime required = Total hardness in terms of CaO / (CaO purity x 100)
- Total hardness in terms of CaO = Total hardness in terms of CaCO
Given Data:
- Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6
- CaSO4 = 6.8
- MgCl2 = 19.0
- MgSO4 = 12.0
- CaCO3 = 10.0
- Purity of lime = 95%
- Purity of soda = 90%
- Cost of 100 pounds of lime = Rs. 14.00
- Cost of 100 pounds of soda = Rs. 48.00
- Volume of water to be softened = 20,000 gallons
Calculation of Chemicals Required for Softening Water:
1. Calculation of Lime Required:
- Calculation of CaCO3 equivalent of Mg(HCO3)2:
- Mg(HCO3)2 → 2Mg2+ + 2HCO3-
- CaCO3 → Ca2+ + CO32-
- 2HCO3- + Ca2+ → CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
- Mg(HCO3)2 is equivalent to CaCO3 in the following proportion:
- 2HCO3- + Mg2+ → MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O
- Equivalent weight of Mg(HCO3)2 = (2 x 61.02) / 2 = 61.02
- Equivalent weight of CaCO3 = 50
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of Mg(HCO3)2 is equivalent to (50 / 61.02) = 0.819 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Calculation of CaCO3 equivalent of MgSO4 and MgCl2:
- MgSO4 → Mg2+ + SO42-
- MgCl2 → Mg2+ + 2Cl-
- Both MgSO4 and MgCl2 react with lime as follows:
- Mg2+ + Ca(OH)2 → Mg(OH)2 + Ca2+
- MgSO4 and MgCl2 are equivalent to CaCO3 in the following proportion:
- Equivalent weight of MgSO4 = 120.37 / 2 = 60.19
- Equivalent weight of MgCl2 = 95.21 / 2 = 47.6
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of MgSO4 is equivalent to (50 / 60.19) = 0.83 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Therefore, 1 grain per gallon of MgCl2 is equivalent to (50 / 47.6) = 1.05 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Calculation of lime required:
- Total hardness = Mg(HCO3)2 + CaSO4 + MgCl2 + MgSO4
- Total hardness in terms of CaCO3 = (14.6 x 0.819) + (6.8 x 1) + (19 x 1.05) + (12 x 0.83) = 39.96 grains per gallon of CaCO3
- Lime required = Total hardness in terms of CaO / (CaO purity x 100)
- Total hardness in terms of CaO = Total hardness in terms of CaCO
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A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.?
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A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? for GATE 2024 is part of GATE preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GATE exam syllabus. Information about A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? covers all topics & solutions for GATE 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.?.
A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? for GATE 2024 is part of GATE preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GATE exam syllabus. Information about A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? covers all topics & solutions for GATE 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.?.
Solutions for A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for GATE.
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A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.?, a detailed solution for A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? has been provided alongside types of A water sample gave the following constituents on analysis in grain per gallon: Mg(HCO3)2 = 14.6 CaSO4 = 6.8 MgCl2 = 19.0 MgSO4 = 12.0 CaCO3 =10.0 Calculate the cost of chemicals required for softening 20,000 gallons of water if the purity of lime is 95% and that of soda is 90%. The cost per 100 pounds each of lime and soda are Rs. 14.00 and Rs.48.00 respectively.? theory, EduRev gives you an
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