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Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct?
(i) Antibiotic is the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentrations, can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.
(ii) Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.
(iii) The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.
(iv) Fleming, Chain, and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945.
  • a)
    (i) Only
  • b)
    (ii) Only
  • c)
    (ii) and (iv)
  • d)
    (i), (iii) and (iv)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct...
Antibiotics are chemical substances secreted by certain microbes which inhibit the growth and development of other microbes. Most of them produced by actinomycetes and filamentous fungi. Some inportant antibiotics are tetracycline, chloramphenicol, steptomycin etc.
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Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct...
Statement (i): Antibiotic is the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentrations, can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.

This statement is incorrect. The definition provided for antibiotics is not accurate. Antibiotics are substances produced by living organisms, such as bacteria or fungi, that are capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms.

Statement (ii): Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.

This statement is correct. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 while working on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. He observed that a mold called Penicillium notatum produced a substance that killed the bacteria, leading to the discovery of penicillin.

Statement (iii): The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.

This statement is correct. After Fleming's discovery, it was Ernest Chain and Howard Florey who successfully purified and tested penicillin, demonstrating its effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. They established the full potential of penicillin as an antibiotic and paved the way for its mass production and use in medicine.

Statement (iv): Fleming, Chain, and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945.

This statement is correct. In recognition of their contributions to the development and application of penicillin, Alexander Fleming, Ernst Chain, and Howard Florey were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (a) - (i) Only, as the definition provided for antibiotics in statement (i) is incorrect.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The rate of a reaction, which may also be called its velocity or speed, can be defined with relation to the concentration of any of the reacting substances, or to that of any product of the reaction. If the species chosen is a reactant which has a concentration c at time t the rate is - dc/dt, while the rate with reference to a product having a concentration x at time t is dx/dt. Any concentration units may be used for expressing the rate; thus, if moles per liter are employed for concentration and seconds for the time, the units for the rate are moles litre–1sec–1. For gas reactions pressure units are sometimes used in place of concentrations, so that legitimate units for the rate would be (mm. Hg) sec–1 and atm. sec–1 The order of a reaction concerns the dependence of the rate upon the concentrations of reacting substances; thus, if the rate is found experimentally to be proportional to the ath power of the concentration of one of the reactants A, to the both power of the concentration of a second reactant B, and so forth, via., rate = k CAα CAβ the over-all order of the reaction is simply n = α + β + ----- (2) Such a reaction is said to be of the αth order with respect to the substance A, the βth order with respect to B.In the following questions, a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.Assertion: Rate of reaction is a measure of change in concentration of reactant with respect to time.Reason: Rate of reaction is a measure of change in concentration of product with respect to time.

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Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct?(i) Antibiotic is the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentrations, can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.(ii) Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.(iii) The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.(iv) Fleming, Chain, and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945.a)(i) Onlyb)(ii) Onlyc)(ii) and (iv)d)(i), (iii) and (iv)Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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